Nitrous oxide: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
Created page with "Nitrous oxide (N20) is a colorless gas stored as a liquid and is used as a general anesthetic. {{moa}} Nitrous oxide depresses the central nervous system..." |
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{{Short description|Colourless non-flammable greenhouse gas}} | |||
{{Chembox | |||
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| Watchedfields = changed | |||
| verifiedrevid = 477162830 | |||
| ImageFile_Ref = {{chemboximage|correct|??}} | |||
| Name = | |||
| ImageFile = Nitrous-oxide-2D-VB.svg | |||
| ImageName = Nitrous oxide's canonical forms | |||
| ImageFile1 = Nitrous-oxide-dimensions-3D-balls.png | |||
| ImageName1 = Ball-and-stick model with bond lengths | |||
| ImageFile2 = Nitrous-oxide-3D-vdW.png | |||
| ImageSize2 = 150px | |||
| ImageName2 = Space-filling model of nitrous oxide | |||
| SystematicName = Oxodiazen-2-ium-1-ide | |||
| IUPACName = Nitrous oxide<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.degruyter.com/database/IUPAC/entry/iupac.compound.948/html|title=[Nitrous oxide]|website=Degruyter.com|access-date=24 July 2022}}</ref> ''(not recommended)''<br />Dinitrogen oxide<ref>[[IUPAC nomenclature of inorganic chemistry 2005]]. [http://old.iupac.org/publications/books/rbook/Red_Book_2005.pdf PDF], p. 317.</ref> ''(alternative name)'' | |||
| OtherNames = {{Unbulleted list|Laughing gas|galaxy gas|sweet air||nitrous|nos|nang|nitrus{{cn|date=October 2024}}|protoxide of nitrogen|hyponitrous oxide|dinitrogen oxide|dinitrogen monoxide}} | |||
| Section1 = {{Chembox Identifiers | |||
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | |||
| UNII = K50XQU1029 | |||
| InChI1 = 1/N2O/c1-2-3 | |||
| InChIKey1 = GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYAP | |||
| SMILES = N#[N+][O-] | |||
| SMILES1 = [N-]=[N+]=O | |||
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| StdInChI = 1S/N2O/c1-2-3 | |||
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| StdInChIKey = GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N | |||
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | |||
| CASNo = 10024-97-2 | |||
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | |||
| ChemSpiderID = 923 | |||
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} | |||
| ChEMBL = 1234579 | |||
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|changed|drugbank}} | |||
| DrugBank = DB06690 | |||
| PubChem = 948 | |||
| InChI = 1/N2O/c1-2-3 | |||
| UNNumber = 1070 (compressed)<br />2201 (liquid) | |||
| RTECS = QX1350000 | |||
| MeSHName = | |||
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | |||
| ChEBI = 17045 | |||
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}} | |||
| KEGG = D00102 | |||
| Beilstein = 8137358 | |||
| Gmelin = 2153410 | |||
}} | |||
| Section2 = {{Chembox Properties | |||
| Formula = {{chem|N|2|O}} | |||
| MolarMass = 44.013 g/mol | |||
| Appearance = colourless gas | |||
| Density = 1.977 g/L (gas) | |||
| MeltingPtC = −90.86 | |||
| MeltingPt_notes = | |||
| BoilingPtC = −88.48 | |||
| BoilingPt_notes = | |||
| Solubility = 1.5 g/L (15 °C) | |||
| SolubleOther = soluble in [[ethanol|alcohol]], [[diethyl ether|ether]], [[sulfuric acid]] | |||
| LogP = 0.35 | |||
| RefractIndex = 1.000516 (0 °C, 101.325 kPa) | |||
| Viscosity = 14.90 μPa·s<ref name="TakahashiShibasaki-Kitakawa1996">{{cite journal|last1=Takahashi|first1=Mitsuo|last2=Shibasaki-Kitakawa|first2=Naomi|last3=Yokoyama|first3=Chiaki|last4=Takahashi|first4=Shinji|title=Viscosity of Gaseous Nitrous Oxide from 298.15 K to 398.15 K at Pressures up to 25 MPa|journal=Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data|volume=41|issue=6|year=1996|pages=1495–1498|issn=0021-9568|doi=10.1021/je960060d}}</ref> | |||
| VaporPressure = 5150 kPa (20 °C) | |||
| HenryConstant = | |||
| AtmosphericOHRateConstant = | |||
| MagSus = −18.9·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol | |||
}} | |||
| Section3 = {{Chembox Structure | |||
| MolShape = linear, ''C''{{ssub|∞v}} | |||
| Dipole = 0.166 [[Debye|D]] | |||
}} | |||
| Section4 = | |||
| Section5 = {{Chembox Thermochemistry | |||
| DeltaHf = +82.05 kJ/mol | |||
| Entropy = 219.96 J/(K·mol) | |||
}} | |||
| Section6 = {{Chembox Pharmacology | |||
| ATCCode_prefix = N01 | |||
| ATCCode_suffix = AX13 | |||
| AdminRoutes = [[Inhalation]] | |||
| Bioavail = | |||
| Metabolism = 0.004% | |||
| HalfLife = 5 minutes | |||
| ProteinBound = | |||
| Excretion = [[Respiratory]] | |||
| Legal_status = <!-- All U.S. states except for [[California]] allow nitrous oxide as an [[anaesthetic]]. Also used in the [[United Kingdom]] and [[Australia]]. --> | |||
| Legal_US = | |||
| Legal_US_comment = | |||
| Legal_UK = | |||
| Legal_AU = | |||
| Legal_CA = | |||
| Pregnancy_category = | |||
| Pregnancy_AU = | |||
}} | |||
| Section7 = {{Chembox Hazards | |||
| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0067.htm Ilo.org], ICSC 0067 | |||
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS flame over circle}} | |||
| GHSSignalWord = Danger | |||
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|270}} | |||
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|220|244|282|336|317|370+376|403|410+403}} | |||
| MainHazards = | |||
| NFPA-H = 2 | |||
| NFPA-F = 0 | |||
| NFPA-R = 0 | |||
| NFPA-S = OX | |||
| FlashPt = Nonflammable | |||
| LD50 = | |||
| PEL = | |||
}} | |||
| Section8 = {{Chembox Related | |||
| OtherFunction = [[Nitric oxide]]<br />[[Dinitrogen trioxide]]<br />[[Nitrogen dioxide]]<br />[[Dinitrogen tetroxide]]<br />[[Dinitrogen pentoxide]] | |||
| OtherFunction_label = [[nitrogen]] [[oxide]]s | |||
| OtherCompounds = [[Ammonium nitrate]]<br />[[Azide]] | |||
}} | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Nitrous-oxide-2D-VB.svg|Nitrous-oxide|left|thumb]] | |||
[[File:Nitrous-oxide-dimensions-3D-balls.png|Nitrous-oxide-dimensions-3D-balls|thumb]] | |||
Nitrous oxide (N20) is a colorless gas stored as a liquid and is used as a general [[anesthetics|anesthetic]]. | Nitrous oxide (N20) is a colorless gas stored as a liquid and is used as a general [[anesthetics|anesthetic]]. | ||
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* Workers in laboratories and facilities where compressed gas cylinders are moved and stored | * Workers in laboratories and facilities where compressed gas cylinders are moved and stored | ||
* Service workers who clean and maintain surgical rooms before or after surgery | * Service workers who clean and maintain surgical rooms before or after surgery | ||
{{Drug use}} | |||
{{ | {{General anesthetics}} | ||
{{Analgesics}} | |||
{{Hallucinogens}} | |||
{{Navboxes | |||
| title = [[Pharmacodynamics]] | |||
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{{GABAA receptor positive modulators}} | |||
{{Glycine receptor modulators}} | |||
{{Ionotropic glutamate receptor modulators}} | |||
{{Neurotoxins}} | |||
{{Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators}} | |||
{{Serotonin receptor modulators}} | |||
}} | |||
{{Molecules detected in outer space}} | |||
{{Nitrogen compounds}} | |||
{{Oxygen compounds}}{{Portal bar | Medicine}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Nitrous Oxide}} | |||
[[Category:5-HT3 antagonists]] | |||
[[Category:Aerosol propellants]] | |||
[[Category:Dissociative drugs]] | |||
[[Category:E-number additives]] | |||
[[Category:Euphoriants]] | |||
[[Category:GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators]] | |||
[[Category:Gaseous signaling molecules]] | |||
[[Category:General anesthetics]] | |||
[[Category:Glycine receptor agonists]] | |||
[[Category:Greenhouse gases]] | |||
[[Category:Industrial gases]] | |||
[[Category:Industrial hygiene]] | |||
[[Category:Inhalants]] | |||
[[Category:Nitrogen oxides]] | |||
[[Category:Monopropellants]] | |||
[[Category:Nicotinic antagonists]] | |||
[[Category:Nitrogen cycle]] | |||
[[Category:NMDA receptor antagonists]] | |||
[[Category:Rocket oxidizers]] | |||
[[Category:Trace gases]] | |||
[[Category:World Health Organization essential medicines]] | |||
[[Category:Neurotoxins]] | |||
Revision as of 16:39, 12 January 2025
Colourless non-flammable greenhouse gas
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Nitrous oxide (N20) is a colorless gas stored as a liquid and is used as a general anesthetic.
Mechanism of action of Nitrous oxide
Nitrous oxide depresses the central nervous system adequately to allow for surgery or invasive, potentially painful, procedures. These are generally administered for a short period only and by medical personnel specifically trained in their use, efficacy and safety.
Side effects of Nitrous oxide
Breathing nitrous oxide can cause dizziness, unconsciousness, and even death. Long-term exposure can lead to infertility. Contact with liquid nitrous oxide can cause severe frostbite. Workers may be harmed from exposure to nitrous oxide. The level of exposure depends on the dose, duration, and type of work being done.
Nitrous oxide is used in many industries. It can come from anesthetic equipment, surgical patients, and storage cylinders.
Some examples of workers at risk of nitrous oxide exposure include the following:
- Medical personnel who work in surgical rooms in hospitals, surgery centers, or medical offices
- Dental workers where nitrous oxide gas is used as an anesthetic
- Recovery room personnel who are exposed to outgassing patients who emit fumes after surgery
- Workers in laboratories and facilities where compressed gas cylinders are moved and stored
- Service workers who clean and maintain surgical rooms before or after surgery
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Categories:
- Pages with broken file links
- 5-HT3 antagonists
- Aerosol propellants
- Dissociative drugs
- E-number additives
- Euphoriants
- GABAA receptor positive allosteric modulators
- Gaseous signaling molecules
- General anesthetics
- Glycine receptor agonists
- Greenhouse gases
- Industrial gases
- Industrial hygiene
- Inhalants
- Nitrogen oxides
- Monopropellants
- Nicotinic antagonists
- Nitrogen cycle
- NMDA receptor antagonists
- Rocket oxidizers
- Trace gases
- World Health Organization essential medicines
- Neurotoxins
