2-Oxoquazepam

2-Oxoquazepam

2-Oxoquazepam ball-and-stick model.png

2-Oxoquazepam
INN
Drug class
Routes of administration
Pregnancy category
Bioavailability
Metabolism
Elimination half-life
Excretion
Legal status
CAS Number
PubChem
DrugBank
ChemSpider
KEGG

2-Oxoquazepam is a benzodiazepine derivative. It is a minor metabolite of the drug quazepam, which is used primarily for the treatment of insomnia.

Pharmacology

2-Oxoquazepam acts on the central nervous system by enhancing the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA_A receptor. This action results in sedative, hypnotic, and anxiolytic effects, which are characteristic of benzodiazepines.

Metabolism

2-Oxoquazepam is formed in the body as a metabolite of quazepam. Quazepam is metabolized in the liver by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, particularly by the CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 isoenzymes. The primary metabolites of quazepam are 2-oxoquazepam and N-desalkyl-2-oxoquazepam.

Clinical Use

While 2-oxoquazepam itself is not marketed as a drug, its parent compound, quazepam, is used in the treatment of insomnia. Quazepam is known for its relatively long half-life and its ability to maintain sleep without significant residual effects the next day.

Side Effects

The side effects of 2-oxoquazepam are similar to those of other benzodiazepines and may include drowsiness, dizziness, fatigue, and cognitive impairment. Long-term use can lead to tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation.

Legal Status

The legal status of 2-oxoquazepam is not well-defined, as it is not marketed as a standalone drug. However, its parent compound, quazepam, is classified as a Schedule IV controlled substance under the Controlled Substances Act in the United States, indicating a potential for abuse and dependence.

See also

• Benzodiazepine
• Quazepam
• Insomnia
• GABA_A receptor