Cyclosarin

Cyclosarin or GF (IUPAC name: cyclohexyl methylphosphonofluoridate) is a highly toxic substance used as a nerve gas. It is classified as a weapon of mass destruction by the United Nations.

History

Cyclosarin was first synthesized in Germany during World War II as part of the country's chemical warfare program. It was not used during the war, but its production and use have been prohibited by international treaties since the 1990s.

Properties

Cyclosarin is a colorless, odorless liquid at room temperature. It is less volatile than other nerve gases, which makes it more persistent in the environment. It is also highly toxic, with a lethal dose for humans estimated to be around 1.3 mg/kg.

Mechanism of action

Cyclosarin inhibits the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is responsible for breaking down acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter in the nervous system. This leads to an accumulation of acetylcholine, causing overstimulation of muscles and glands, which can result in symptoms such as convulsions, respiratory failure, and death.

Detection and protection

Detection of cyclosarin can be done using various methods, including gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, and infrared spectroscopy. Protection against exposure includes the use of protective clothing and masks, as well as the administration of antidotes such as atropine and pralidoxime.

Legal status

The production, possession, and use of cyclosarin are prohibited by the Chemical Weapons Convention, which is enforced by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.

See also

• Chemical warfare
• Nerve gas
• Sarin
• VX (nerve gas)

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