Etomidate
Etomidate
Etomidate (pronounced: eh-toh-mi-date) is a short-acting intravenous anesthetic agent used for the induction of general anesthesia and for sedation for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints and tracheal intubation.
Etymology
The term "Etomidate" is derived from the chemical name ethyl 1-(1-phenylethyl)-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylate. It was first synthesized in the 1960s by Janssen Pharmaceuticals.
Pharmacology
Etomidate acts at the level of the reticular activating system in the brain stem to induce anesthesia. It has a rapid onset of action, typically within one minute of intravenous administration. The duration of action is typically 3-5 minutes. It is metabolized in the liver and excreted in the urine.
Clinical Use
Etomidate is used primarily in the induction of general anesthesia. Its main advantage is that it produces minimal cardiovascular effects, making it a good choice in patients with compromised cardiac function. It is also used for sedation in short procedures and for the induction of anesthesia in emergency situations where airway control is needed quickly.
Side Effects
Common side effects of etomidate include pain on injection, nausea and vomiting, and involuntary muscle movements. It can also cause adrenal suppression, which can be a concern in critically ill patients.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Etomidate
- Wikipedia's article - Etomidate
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