Aromatic hydrocarbon
Aromatic Hydrocarbon
Aromatic hydrocarbons or arenes (/əˈrɛn/ or /ɑːˈriːn/), are hydrocarbons with sigma bonds and delocalized pi electrons between carbon atoms forming a circle. In contrast to aliphatic compounds, which are composed of linear chains of carbon atoms, aromatic hydrocarbons are characterized by a planar, cyclic structure.
Etymology
The term "aromatic" was assigned before the physical mechanism determining aromaticity was discovered, and was derived from the fact that many of the compounds have a sweet scent. The term "hydrocarbon" comes from the fact that these compounds are made up of only hydrogen and carbon atoms.
Types of Aromatic Hydrocarbons
There are several types of aromatic hydrocarbons, including:
- Benzene: The simplest aromatic hydrocarbon, consisting of a ring of six carbon atoms with alternating single and double bonds.
- Naphthalene: Consists of two benzene rings fused together.
- Anthracene and Phenanthrene: Both consist of three benzene rings fused together.
- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): Consist of multiple benzene rings fused together.
Related Terms
- Aliphatic Compounds: Non-aromatic hydrocarbons.
- Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs): Aromatic hydrocarbons with more than one aromatic ring.
- Heterocyclic Compounds: Compounds that contain a ring structure containing atoms in addition to carbon, such as sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen, as part of the ring.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Aromatic hydrocarbon
- Wikipedia's article - Aromatic hydrocarbon
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