XLR-11

Overview

Chemical structure of XLR-11

XLR-11 is a synthetic cannabinoid that has been used in the production of designer drugs. It is part of a class of compounds that are designed to mimic the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the active component of cannabis. XLR-11 is known for its potent psychoactive effects and has been associated with various adverse health effects.

Chemical Structure and Properties

XLR-11 is chemically classified as an indazole-based synthetic cannabinoid. Its full chemical name is 1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indazol-3-yl](naphthalen-1-yl)methanone. The compound features a fluoropentyl chain, which is a common modification in synthetic cannabinoids to enhance their binding affinity to the cannabinoid receptors.

Pharmacology

XLR-11 acts as a full agonist at the CB1 receptor and CB2 receptor, which are part of the endocannabinoid system. This system is involved in regulating various physiological processes, including mood, memory, and pain sensation. The activation of these receptors by XLR-11 leads to its psychoactive effects, which can include euphoria, altered perception, and relaxation.

Health Effects

The use of XLR-11 has been associated with a range of adverse health effects. These can include tachycardia, hypertension, nausea, vomiting, and hallucinations. In some cases, severe effects such as acute kidney injury and seizures have been reported. The variability in effects is partly due to differences in individual metabolism and the presence of other substances in the drug preparations.

Legal Status

Due to its potential for abuse and adverse health effects, XLR-11 has been classified as a controlled substance in many countries. In the United States, it is listed as a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substances Act, indicating that it has a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use.

Synthesis and Detection

The synthesis of XLR-11 involves the reaction of indazole with a fluoropentyl halide and a naphthoyl chloride. Detection of XLR-11 in biological samples can be challenging due to its rapid metabolism. Advanced techniques such as mass spectrometry and gas chromatography are often used to identify its presence in forensic and clinical settings.

Related pages

• Synthetic cannabinoids
• Cannabinoid receptor
• Designer drugs
• Controlled Substances Act