Alanine
Alanine
Alanine (pronounced /æləˈniːn, -ˈnaɪn/) is an amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It is classified as a non-essential amino acid, meaning that it can be manufactured by the human body, and does not need to be obtained directly through the diet.
Etymology
The term "Alanine" comes from Ala, the abbreviation for the amino acid in protein data banks, and the Greek word alas, meaning 'wing', due to the compound's wing-like structure.
Structure
Alanine is a small, hydrophobic amino acid. Its side chain is a methyl group, making it one of the simplest amino acids and contributing to its hydrophobic nature. The molecular formula for alanine is C3H7NO2.
Function
Alanine plays a key role in glucose-alanine cycle between tissues and liver. In amino acid metabolism, alanine is converted to pyruvate which is a key player in the gluconeogenesis pathway.
Related Terms
- Amino Acid: Organic compounds that combine to form proteins.
- Glucose-Alanine Cycle: A series of reactions that enable the body to use amino acids as a source of energy.
- Pyruvate: An important chemical compound in biochemistry.
- Gluconeogenesis: A metabolic pathway that results in the generation of glucose from non-carbohydrate carbon substrates.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Alanine
- Wikipedia's article - Alanine
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