Substance dependence
Substance Dependence
Substance dependence, also known as drug addiction, is a condition where an individual feels a strong desire to continue taking a drug and finds it difficult to stop. The term is often used interchangeably with drug dependence and addiction.
Pronunciation
Substance dependence is pronounced as /ˈsʌbstəns dɪˈpɛndəns/.
Etymology
The term "substance dependence" is derived from the Latin words "substantia" meaning "substance" and "dependere" meaning "to hang from". It was first used in the medical field in the 20th century to describe the physical and psychological dependence on drugs.
Definition
Substance dependence is defined as a state of chronic or recurrent use of a substance that is characterized by compulsive drug-seeking and use, despite harmful consequences. It is often associated with a physical withdrawal state when drug use is abruptly discontinued or reduced.
Related Terms
- Physical dependence: A physiological state of adaptation to a substance, the absence of which produces symptoms and signs of withdrawal.
- Psychological dependence: A form of dependence that involves emotional–motivational withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of drug use or exposure to a stimulus.
- Withdrawal: The group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in intake of medications or recreational drugs.
- Tolerance: A state of progressively decreased responsiveness to a drug as a result of which a larger dose of the drug is needed to achieve the effect originally produced by a smaller dose.
- Addiction: A brain disorder characterized by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Substance dependence
- Wikipedia's article - Substance dependence
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