Niflumic acid
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
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Niflumic acid is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used primarily for its analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. It is part of the fenamate class of NSAIDs, which are derivatives of anthranilic acid.
Pharmacology
Niflumic acid works by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are key in the synthesis of prostaglandins. Prostaglandins are lipid compounds that have several important roles in the body, including the mediation of inflammation and pain. By reducing the production of prostaglandins, niflumic acid helps alleviate symptoms of pain and inflammation.
Medical uses
Niflumic acid is used to treat a variety of conditions associated with pain and inflammation, such as:
Side effects
Like other NSAIDs, niflumic acid can cause a range of side effects. Common side effects include:
More serious side effects can occur, such as:
Mechanism of action
Niflumic acid inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, though it has a higher affinity for COX-2. This selective inhibition helps reduce inflammation and pain while minimizing gastrointestinal side effects associated with COX-1 inhibition.
Chemistry
Niflumic acid is chemically classified as a fenamate, which is a derivative of anthranilic acid. Its chemical structure includes a trifluoromethyl group, which is believed to contribute to its pharmacological activity.
History
Niflumic acid was first introduced in the 1970s and has been used in various countries for the treatment of inflammatory conditions. It is not as widely used as some other NSAIDs, but it remains an important option for patients who require alternative anti-inflammatory medications.
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