Amide
Amide
Amide (pronounced: /ˈæmaɪd/, /ˈæmɪd/, or /əˈmaɪd/) is a functional group containing a carbonyl group linked to a nitrogen atom, or a compound containing this functional group. The term amide also refers to deprotonated form of ammonia (NH2-) or an organic compound that contains a nitrogen atom attached to a carbonyl group.
Etymology
The word "amide" comes from the Greek word amidos, meaning "starch". It was first used in the early 19th century to describe compounds that were obtained by reacting ammonia with organic acids.
Structure and Classification
Amides are derived from carboxylic acids. They are classified as primary, secondary, or tertiary depending on the number of organic groups attached to the nitrogen atom. Primary amides have one organic group attached, secondary amides have two, and tertiary amides have three.
Properties
Amides are typically solid at room temperature, but lower molecular weight amides are often liquid. They have high boiling points due to the presence of the polar carbonyl group and the possibility for hydrogen bonding. Amides are generally unreactive, but can be hydrolyzed to produce carboxylic acids and amines.
Uses
Amides have a wide range of uses in various fields. They are used in the manufacture of polymers, in the synthesis of a variety of chemical compounds, and in pharmaceuticals. Some amides, such as acetaminophen, are used as pain relievers.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Amide
- Wikipedia's article - Amide
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