Benzene
Benzene
Benzene (pronounced: /ˈbɛnziːn/), is a colorless and highly flammable liquid with a sweet smell, and is responsible for the aroma around petrol stations. It is an important organic chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H6. The benzene molecule is composed of six carbon atoms joined in a ring with one hydrogen atom attached to each.
Etymology
The word benzene derives from gum benzoin (benzoin resin), an aromatic resin known to European pharmacists and perfumers since the 15th century as a product of Southeast Asia. An acidic material was derived from benzoin by sublimation, and named "flowers of benzoin", or "benzoic acid". The hydrocarbon derived from benzoic acid thus acquired the name benzin, benzol, or benzene.
Related Terms
- Aromaticity: A property of cyclic (ring-shaped), planar (flat) structures with pi bonds in resonance (those containing delocalized electrons) that gives increased stability compared to other geometric or connective arrangements with the same set of atoms.
- Toluene: A colorless, water-insoluble liquid with the smell associated with paint thinners. It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, i.e., one in which a single hydrogen atom from a group of six atoms from the benzene molecule has been replaced by a univalent group, in this case, a methyl group.
- Phenol: An aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH. It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile. It is appreciably soluble in water, with about 84.2 g dissolving in 1000 mL (0.88 M).
- Aniline: An organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2. Consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group, aniline is the simplest aromatic amine.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Benzene
- Wikipedia's article - Benzene
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