Piracetam
Piracetam
Piracetam (/pɪˈræsɪtæm/; from the Greek πειράω meaning 'to attempt') is a nootropic drug in the racetams group, with chemical name 2-oxo-1-pyrrolidine acetamide. It shares the same 2-oxo-pyrrolidone base structure with pyroglutamic acid. Piracetam is a cyclic derivative of GABA (gamma-Aminobutyric acid).
History
Piracetam was first synthesized in 1964 by scientists at the Belgian pharmaceutical company UCB led by Dr. Corneliu E. Giurgea. It was the first nootropic drug to be developed and is the compound that led to the creation of the term "nootropic" itself.
Uses
Piracetam is used in many countries as a medical treatment for myoclonus and has been used off-label for a wide range of applications. It is primarily known for its neuroprotective and neuroenhancing effects.
Mechanism of Action
Piracetam's mechanism of action, as with racetams in general, is not fully understood. The drug influences neuronal and vascular functions and influences cognitive function without acting as a sedative or stimulant.
Side Effects
Common side effects include insomnia, headache, and gastrointestinal issues. More serious side effects are rare and include severe rash, allergic reaction, and psychiatric symptoms.
Related Terms
- Nootropic: Any drug, supplement, or other substance that improves cognitive function, particularly executive functions, memory, creativity, or motivation.
- Racetam: A class of drugs that share a pyrrolidone nucleus. They enhance brain function by increasing the brain's oxygen supply, or by stimulating the production of neurotransmitters.
- GABA: A naturally occurring amino acid that works as a neurotransmitter in your brain.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Piracetam
- Wikipedia's article - Piracetam
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