Soman

Soman, also known as GD (IUPAC name: O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate), is a synthetic compound that is used as a nerve gas. It was developed by the German military during World War II.

History

Soman was first synthesized in the third quarter of the 20th century. It was one of the many nerve gases produced by the German military during World War II. The production of Soman, along with other nerve gases, was a part of Germany's chemical warfare program.

Properties

Soman is a colorless, odorless liquid that is soluble in water and most organic solvents. It is highly volatile and can easily evaporate into a gas. Soman is also highly toxic and can cause death within minutes of exposure.

Mechanism of Action

Soman acts by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, which is responsible for breaking down acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that sends signals in the nervous system. The inhibition of acetylcholinesterase leads to an accumulation of acetylcholine in the body, causing overstimulation of muscles and glands.

Symptoms of Exposure

Exposure to Soman can cause a variety of symptoms, including difficulty breathing, blurred vision, vomiting, and convulsions. In severe cases, exposure can lead to respiratory failure and death.

Treatment

Treatment for Soman exposure involves the administration of atropine and pralidoxime, which help to counteract the effects of the nerve gas. Immediate medical attention is necessary in the case of Soman exposure.

See Also

• Nerve gas
• Chemical warfare
• Acetylcholinesterase

• Soman 2D structure
  Soman 2D structure
• 
  Soman structural formulae stereoisomers
• GD synthesis
  GD synthesis
• Metabolism of Soman
  Metabolism of Soman