Temazepam
Temazepam is an orally administered benzodiazepine commonly prescribed as a treatment for insomnia. It acts by enhancing the inhibitory effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) on synaptic transmission through its interaction with the GABA A receptor.
Introduced in the United States in 1981, temazepam has been widely recognized for its effectiveness as a sleep aid, with more than eight million prescriptions filled annually. Despite its affiliation with the benzodiazepine family, it has not been linked with serum aminotransferase or alkaline phosphatase elevations. Additionally, clinically apparent liver injury from temazepam use has yet to be reported, making it an extremely rare occurrence, if it happens at all.
Indications and Dosage
The primary indication for temazepam is the short-term treatment of insomnia. It is commercially available in capsule form under several generic names, as well as the brand name Restoril. Dosages range from 7.5 to 30 milligrams, with the recommended initial dose for insomnia being 7.5 milligrams taken before bedtime. This dosage may be increased as required, up to a maximum of 30 milligrams.
Mechanism of Action
Temazepam's sleep-inducing effect arises from its enhancement of GABA-mediated synaptic transmission inhibition, achieved through its binding to the GABA A receptor. GABA is the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and plays a critical role in reducing neuronal excitability.
Side Effects
The most frequently encountered side effects of temazepam are dose-dependent and can include daytime drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, dysarthria, and dizziness. While tolerance can develop towards these side effects, it can also occur towards the medication's effects on insomnia.
See Also
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Benzodiazipines
- Alprazolam
- Chlordiazepoxide
- Diazepam (Oral)
- Estazolam
- Flurazepam
- Lorazepam
- Midazolam
- Oxazepam
- Quazepam
- Temazepam
- Triazolam
Anticonvulsants Drugs
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