Dictionary of hematology: Difference between revisions

Revision as of 16:57, 22 March 2025

The Dictionary of Hematology is a comprehensive reference tool encompassing a wide array of terms, conditions, therapies, and diagnostics specific to the field of hematology. This resource is designed for healthcare professionals, students, and researchers involved in the study and treatment of blood-related conditions.

A

Anemia - A condition in which there is a deficiency of red cells or of hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness.
Anticoagulant therapy - Medications used to prevent blood clots from forming or growing larger.

B

Blood transfusion - The process of transferring blood or blood products into one's circulation intravenously.
Bone marrow biopsy - A procedure to extract and examine bone marrow to diagnose blood disorders.

C

Coagulation factors - Proteins in blood plasma which act in concert to stop bleeding by forming clots.
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) - A type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow.

D

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) - A blood clot that forms in a deep vein, usually in the legs.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) - A serious disorder in which the proteins that control blood clotting become overactive.

E

Erythropoiesis - The process which produces red blood cells (erythrocytes).
Erythropoietin - A hormone produced by the kidneys that promotes the formation of red blood cells in the bone marrow.

F

Ferritin - A blood cell protein that contains iron; a measure of the body's iron stores.
Fibrinogen - A blood plasma protein that's converted to fibrin in the clotting process.

G

Granulocytes - A type of white blood cell that has small granules, which contain proteins.
Graft versus host disease (GVHD) - A condition that occurs when donor bone marrow or stem cells attack the recipient.

H

Hematocrit - The ratio of the volume of red blood cells to the total volume of blood.
Hemochromatosis - An inherited disorder in which the body absorbs too much iron from the diet.

I

Iron-deficiency anemia - Anemia caused by inadequate iron levels, leading to a reduced number of red blood cells.
Immuno-hematology - The study of blood group antigens and antibodies associated with blood transfusions.

J

Jaundice - Yellowing of the skin and eyes resulting from high levels of bilirubin in the bloodstream.

K

Kernicterus - A type of brain damage that can result from high levels of bilirubin in a baby's blood.

L

Leukemia - A type of cancer found in your blood and bone marrow, caused by the rapid production of abnormal white blood cells.
Lymphoma - A group of blood cancers that develop from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell).

M

Multiple myeloma - A cancer that forms in a type of white blood cell called a plasma cell.
Myelodysplastic syndromes - Disorders caused by poorly formed or dysfunctional blood cells.

N

Neutropenia - An abnormally low concentration of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the blood.
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) - A diverse group of blood cancers that includes any kind of lymphoma except Hodgkin's lymphomas.

O

Oncology - A branch of medicine that specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, including blood cancers.
Osteomyelofibrosis - A rare bone marrow disorder that disrupts the body's normal production of blood cells.

P

Polycythemia vera - A slow-growing blood cancer in which your bone marrow makes too many red blood cells.
Prothrombin time (PT) - A test that measures how long it takes blood to clot.

Q

Quality of life (Hematology) - Assessing the impact of blood diseases on a patient's well-being, including physical, psychological, and social aspects.

R

Red blood cell indices - Calculations that provide information on the physical characteristics of the RBCs: MCV, MCH, and MCHC.
Reed-Sternberg cell - Distinctive, abnormal cells that may be present in Hodgkin's lymphoma.

S

Sickle cell anemia - A severe hereditary form of anemia in which a mutated form of hemoglobin distorts the red blood cells into a sickle shape.
Stem cell transplantation - A procedure that restores blood-forming stem cells in people who have had theirs destroyed by the very high doses of chemotherapy or radiation therapy that are used to treat certain cancers.

T

Thalassemia - A blood disorder involving less than normal amounts of an oxygen-carrying protein.
Thrombocytopenia - A condition characterized by abnormally low levels of thrombocytes, also known as platelets, in the blood.

U

Umbilical cord blood - Blood collected from the umbilical cord at birth that contains stem cells.
Uremia - An excess of amino acid and protein metabolism end products, such as urea and creatinine, in the blood that are normally eliminated in the urine.

V

Vitamin B12 deficiency - A shortage of vitamin B12 that can potentially cause severe and irreversible damage, especially to the brain and nervous system.
von Willebrand disease - A bleeding disorder caused by low levels of clotting protein in the blood.

W

Warfarin therapy - The use of warfarin (a coumarin anticoagulant) to prevent the formation of blood clots.
White blood cell disorders - Diseases that affect the production and function of white blood cells.

X

X-linked agammaglobulinemia - A rare genetic disorder in which the body does not produce enough antibodies.

Y

Young person's cancer - Cancers that are more likely to affect younger people, including some types of leukemia and lymphoma.

Z

Zeta potential in hematology - The potential difference across cell membranes that affects interactions among blood cells and other particles.

List of hematology articles

References

The references section should include a list of books, journal articles, and online sources that provide detailed information on hematology. Use the <ref></ref> tags to cite sources within the text.

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Also see

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