Glomerular filtration rate

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is a test used to check how well the kidneys are working. Specifically, it estimates how much blood passes through the glomeruli each minute. Glomeruli are the tiny filters in the kidneys that filter waste from the blood.

Overview

The GFR is a key indicator of kidney function. It measures the amount of blood that passes through the glomeruli each minute. The glomeruli are tiny filters in the kidneys that remove waste and excess substances from the blood. The GFR can help your doctor to measure the level of kidney function and determine your stage of kidney disease.

Measurement

The GFR is usually calculated using a formula that includes your age, gender, body size, and serum creatinine level. Creatinine is a waste product that your muscles produce at a steady rate and that your kidneys remove from your blood.

Interpretation

A GFR below 60 for three months or more or a GFR above 60 with kidney damage (marked by high levels of albumin in your urine) indicates chronic kidney disease. A GFR of 15 or lower may mean kidney failure.

Treatment

Treatment for low GFR focuses on preventing or slowing down the progression of kidney disease and reducing the risk of heart disease. This usually involves lifestyle changes and medications.

See also

• Chronic kidney disease
• Kidney failure
• Creatinine

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