Haldane effect

Haldane Effect

The Haldane effect (/hælˈdeɪn/; named after John Scott Haldane) is a property of hemoglobin observed in biochemistry and physiology, particularly in the context of respiratory physiology.

Etymology

The term "Haldane effect" is named after the British physiologist John Scott Haldane, who first described the phenomenon in 1914.

Definition

The Haldane effect describes the increased capacity of deoxygenated hemoglobin (compared to oxygenated hemoglobin) to bind and carry carbon dioxide and protons. This effect facilitates the removal of carbon dioxide from tissues and its transport to the lungs for exhalation.

Mechanism

The Haldane effect occurs because the binding of oxygen to hemoglobin decreases its affinity for carbon dioxide and protons. Conversely, when hemoglobin releases oxygen, its affinity for carbon dioxide and protons increases. This reciprocal relationship between oxygen and carbon dioxide binding is a key aspect of the Haldane effect.

Clinical Significance

The Haldane effect plays a crucial role in the transport of carbon dioxide and protons from tissues to the lungs. It is particularly important during exercise, when the production of carbon dioxide and protons in tissues increases. Understanding the Haldane effect is also important in the management of conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Related Terms

• Bohr effect
• Carbon dioxide transport
• Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve
• Respiratory physiology

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Haldane effect
• Wikipedia's article - Haldane effect

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