Platelet

Platelets, also known as thrombocytes, are small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent bleeding. Platelets are produced in our bone marrow, the spongy tissue inside our bones. Platelet count can be affected by many diseases and conditions.

Structure

Platelets are not true cells but are actually fragments of cytoplasm, which are derived from the megakaryocytes of the bone marrow, or lung tissue in mammals. They have a diameter of 2–3 µm. Platelets do not have a cell nucleus, they are fragments of cytoplasm that are derived from the megakaryocytes of the bone marrow, and then enter the circulation.

Function

The function of platelets is to prevent bleeding. When the integrity of the blood vessels is compromised, platelets will migrate to the site and, by sticking to each other and to the walls of the blood vessel, will form a plug that prevents blood loss.

Clinical significance

Platelet disorders can lead to an increase in the number of platelets (thrombocytosis), a decrease in the number of platelets (thrombocytopenia), or an increase in the risk of clotting or bleeding. In addition to being a major component of blood clots, platelets also play a significant role in inflammation.

See also

• Blood clot
• Thrombocytopenia
• Thrombocytosis
• Inflammation

References

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