Hypoalbuminemia

Hypoalbuminemia

Hypoalbuminemia (/ˌhaɪpoʊˌælbjuːmɪˈniːmiə/) is a medical condition characterized by low levels of albumin in the blood.

Etymology

The term "Hypoalbuminemia" is derived from the Greek words "hypo" meaning "under", "albumin" which is a type of protein, and "emia" meaning "condition of the blood".

Definition

Hypoalbuminemia is a condition where the concentration of albumin in the blood is lower than normal, typically less than 3.5 grams per deciliter. Albumin is a major protein in the human body, making up about 60% of total plasma protein. It is produced in the liver and has many functions, including maintaining the oncotic pressure that prevents fluid from leaking out of blood vessels.

Causes

Hypoalbuminemia can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:

• Liver disease: The liver is responsible for producing albumin. Any disease or condition that damages the liver can reduce albumin production.
• Kidney disease: The kidneys normally prevent albumin from being excreted in the urine. Kidney diseases can cause albumin to leak into the urine, leading to hypoalbuminemia.
• Malnutrition: Albumin levels can be low if the diet does not provide enough protein.
• Inflammation: Inflammatory conditions can cause the body to break down albumin faster than it can be produced.

Symptoms

Symptoms of hypoalbuminemia can vary depending on the underlying cause and may include:

• Swelling in the legs, ankles, and abdomen (edema)
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Muscle weakness

Treatment

Treatment for hypoalbuminemia typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may involve medication, dietary changes, or other interventions.

Related Terms

• Albuminuria
• Hyperalbuminemia
• Proteinuria

See Also

• Albumin
• Liver disease
• Kidney disease
• Malnutrition
• Inflammation

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Hypoalbuminemia
• Wikipedia's article - Hypoalbuminemia

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