Hemolytic jaundice

Hemolytic jaundice is a type of jaundice that occurs when the body's red blood cells are broken down too quickly, causing an excess of bilirubin in the bloodstream. This condition can be caused by a variety of factors, including certain diseases and conditions, medications, and genetic disorders.

Causes

Hemolytic jaundice can be caused by a variety of factors. These include:

• Certain diseases and conditions, such as sickle cell anemia, thalassemia, and autoimmune hemolytic anemia
• Certain medications, including some types of antibiotics and chemotherapy drugs
• Genetic disorders, such as Gilbert's syndrome and hereditary spherocytosis

Symptoms

The symptoms of hemolytic jaundice can vary depending on the underlying cause. However, common symptoms can include:

• Yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice)
• Dark urine
• Pale stools
• Fatigue
• Weakness
• Rapid heart rate (tachycardia)

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hemolytic jaundice typically involves a series of tests, including:

• Blood tests to measure the levels of bilirubin and to check for anemia
• A complete blood count (CBC) to assess the number and condition of the red blood cells
• A reticulocyte count to measure the number of young red blood cells in the blood
• A direct antiglobulin test (DAT) to check for antibodies that may be causing the red blood cells to break down

Treatment

Treatment for hemolytic jaundice will depend on the underlying cause. This can include:

• Treating the underlying disease or condition
• Stopping or changing medications that may be causing the jaundice
• Blood transfusions in severe cases
• In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the spleen (splenectomy)

See also

• Jaundice
• Bilirubin
• Sickle cell anemia
• Thalassemia
• Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
• Gilbert's syndrome
• Hereditary spherocytosis

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