Template:Symptoms and signs - WikiMD's Medical Encyclopedia

Signs and symptoms

Symptoms and signs relating to the cardiovascular system

Chest pain	* Referred pain Angina
Auscultation	* Heart sounds Split S2 S3 S4 Gallop rhythm Heart murmur Systolic Diastolic Continuous Pericardial friction rub Heart click Bruit carotid
Pulse	* Tachycardia Bradycardia Pulsus tardus et parvus Pulsus paradoxus doubled Pulsus bisferiens Dicrotic pulse Pulsus bigeminus Pulsus alternans Pulse deficit
Vascular disease	* Gangrene
Other	* Palpitations Apex beat Cœur en sabot Jugular venous pressure Cannon A waves Hyperaemia

Symptoms and signs: cognition, perception, emotional state and behaviour

Cognition

Alteration of consciousness	* Confusion (Delirium) Obtundation Psychosis Delusions Somnolence Stupor Sopor Unconsciousness Coma Persistent vegetative state Sleep Syncope
Fainting/Syncope	* Carotid sinus syncope Heat syncope Vasovagal episode
Other	* Amnesia Anterograde amnesia Retrograde amnesia Convulsion Dizziness Disequilibrium Presyncope/Lightheadedness Vertigo

Emotional state

* Anger

Behavior

* Verbosity

Russell's sign

Perception/
sensation
disorder

* Hallucination (Auditory hallucination)

Olfaction
- Anosmia
- Hyposmia
- Dysosmia
- Parosmia
- Phantosmia
- Hyperosmia

Synesthesia

Taste

Signs and symptoms relating to the human digestive system or abdomen

Gastrointestinal
tract

* Nausea

Accessory

* liver: Councilman body

Mallory body

biliary: Boas' sign
Courvoisier's law
Charcot's cholangitis triad/Reynolds' pentad
cholecystitis (Murphy's sign
Lépine's sign
Mirizzi's syndrome)
Nardi test

Defecation

* Flatulence

Abdomen

Pain	* Abdominal pain Acute abdomen Colic Baby colic Abdominal guarding Blumberg's sign
Distension	* Abdominal distension Bloating Ascites Tympany Shifting dullness Fluid wave test
Masses	* Abdominal mass Hepatosplenomegaly Hepatomegaly Splenomegaly
Other	* Jaundice Mallet-Guy's sign Puddle sign Ballance's sign Aortic insufficiency Castell's sign Kehr's sign Cullen's sign Grey Turner's sign

Symptoms and signs that are general or constitutional

Temperature

heat	* Fever of unknown origin drug-induced postoperative Hyperthermia Hyperhidrosis Night sweats
cold	* Chills Hypothermia

Aches and pains

* Headache

Malaise and fatigue

* Lassitude

Thyroid disease

Hypothyroidism

* Iodine deficiency

Cretinism
- Congenital hypothyroidism
Myxedema
Myxedema coma
Euthyroid sick syndrome
Van Wyk-Grumbach syndrome
Signs and symptoms
Thyroid dyshormonogenesis
Pickardt syndrome
Hypothyroid myopathy
- KDSS
- Hoffmann syndrome
- CMS
- Atrophic type

Hyperthyroidism

* Hyperthyroxinemia

- Thyroid hormone resistance
- Familial dysalbuminemic hyperthyroxinemia
Hashitoxicosis
Thyrotoxicosis factitia
Thyroid storm
Amiodarone induced thyrotoxicosis
Hyperthyroid myopathy

Graves' disease

* Signs and symptoms

Graves' ophthalmopathy

Thyroiditis

* Acute infectious

Subacute
Autoimmune/chronic

Enlargement

* Goitre

Thyroid nodule
- Colloid nodule

Signs and symptoms relating to the respiratory system

Auscultation

* Stethoscope

Respiratory sounds
- Stridor
- Wheeze
- Crackles
- Rhonchi
- Stertor
- Squawk
- Pleural friction rub
- Fremitus
- Bronchophony
- Death rattle
Elicited findings

Breathing

Rate	* Apnea Prematurity Dyspnea Hyperventilation Hypoventilation Hyperpnea Tachypnea Hypopnea Bradypnea
Pattern	* Agonal respiration Biot's respiration Cheyne–Stokes respiration Kussmaul breathing Ataxic respiration
Other	* Respiratory distress Respiratory arrest Orthopnea/Platypnea Trepopnea Aerophagia Asphyxia Breath holding Mouth breathing Snoring

Other

* Chest pain

Signs and symptoms relating to skin and subcutaneous tissue

Disturbances of skin sensation	* Hypoesthesia Paresthesia Formication Hyperesthesia Hypoalgesia Hyperalgesia
Circulation	* Cyanosis Pallor Livedo Livedo reticularis Flushing Petechia Blanching
Edema	* Peripheral edema Anasarca
Other	* Rash Desquamation Induration Diaphoresis Mass Neck mass
Skin	* Asboe-Hansen sign Auspitz's sign Borsari's sign Braverman's sign Crowe sign Dennie–Morgan fold Darier's sign Fitzpatrick's sign Florid cutaneous papillomatosis Gottron's sign Hutchinson's sign Janeway lesion Kerr's sign Koebner's phenomenon Koplik's spots Leser-Trelat sign Nikolsky's sign Pastia's sign Russell's sign Wickham striae Wolf's isotopic response Munro's microabscess

Malnutrition

Protein-energy
malnutrition

* Ascites

Vitamin deficiency

B vitamins	* B₁ Beriberi Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome Wernicke's encephalopathy Korsakoff syndrome B₂ Riboflavin deficiency B₃ Pellagra B₆ Pyridoxine deficiency B₇ Biotin deficiency B₉ Folate deficiency B₁₂ Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency
Other	* A: Vitamin A deficiency Bitot's spots C: Scurvy D: Vitamin D deficiency Rickets Osteomalacia Harrison's groove E: Vitamin E deficiency K: Vitamin K deficiency

Mineral deficiency

* Electrolyte imbalance

- Calcium
- Chloride
- Magnesium
- Phosphate
- Potassium
- Sodium
Iron
Zinc
Manganese
Copper
Iodine
Chromium
Molybdenum
Selenium
- Keshan disease
Fluorine

Growth

* Deformity

Signs and symptoms relating to the urinary system

Pain	* Dysuria Renal colic Costovertebral angle tenderness Vesical tenesmus
Control	* Urinary incontinence Enuresis Diurnal enuresis Giggling Nocturnal enuresis Post-void dribbling Stress Urge Overflow Urinary retention
Volume	* Oliguria Anuria Polyuria
Other	* Lower urinary tract symptoms Nocturia urgency frequency Extravasation of urine Uremia
Eponymous	* Addis count Brewer infarcts Lloyd's sign Mathe's sign

Symptoms and signs relating to infectious diseases

Bacterial disease	* syphilis Hutchinson's teeth Hutchinson's triad Abelin reaction Westphal's sign Clutton's joints Dennie-Marfan syndrome
Viral disease	* measles Koplik's spots Warthin-Finkeldey cell yellow fever Councilman body Tzanck test Inclusion bodies: poxvirus Downie bodies/A Guarnieri bodies/B rabies Negri bodies Cowdry bodies Liebermeister's rule Faget sign
Parasitic disease	* Chagas disease (Romana's sign) African trypanosomiasis (Winterbottom's sign) malaria (Schüffner's dots)

Symptoms and signs relating to the eye

Adnexa	* lacrimal: Schirmer's test eyelid: Abadie's sign of exophthalmic goiter Boston's sign Dalrymple's sign Stellwag's sign
Globe	* pupil: Argyll Robertson pupils Adie pupil Marcus Gunn pupil cornea: Fleischer ring Kayser–Fleischer ring Hudson–Stahli line iris: Brushfield spots Lisch nodule conjunctiva: Bitot's spots Arlt's line retina: Hollenhorst plaque Roth's spot Fuchs spot others: Alexander's law Hirschberg test Siegrist streaks

Symptoms and signs in obstetrics

Pregnancy	* Abderhalden reaction Chadwick sign Goodell's sign Hegar's sign Ladin's sign Piskacek's sign Von Braun-Fernwald's sign
Other	* Apgar score Braxton Hicks contractions hydrops fetalis (Hemoglobin Barts) ectopic pregnancy (Spiegelberg criteria) fetal death (Spalding's sign) Leopold's maneuvers

Signs and symptoms relating to the reproductive system

Female	* Cervical motion tenderness Strawberry cervix Boggy uterus Adnexal mass Vaginal discharge Vaginal Odor Cramping Endometrium Arias-Stella phenomenon Canga's bead symptom
Male	* Testicular pain sudden Discharge from penis Inflammation/Redness Swollen testicles Prehn's sign

Signs and symptoms relating to the nervous system

Neurological examination · Cranial nerve examination

Central nervous system

Head	* Battle's sign Kernig's sign Macewen's sign Myerson's sign Stroop test Hirano body
Other	* increased intracranial pressure Cushing's triad Lhermitte's sign Charcot's neurologic triad

Peripheral nervous system

Reflexes

Combination	* Jendrassik maneuver
Legs	* Plantar reflex Chaddock reflex Oppenheim's sign Westphal's sign
Arms	* Hoffmann's sign

Other

Arms	* Froment's sign carpal tunnel syndrome Tinel sign Phalen maneuver
Legs	* Gowers' sign Hoover's sign Lasègue's sign Trendelenburg's sign
Torso	* Beevor's sign
General	* Pain stimulus

Signs and symptoms, and syndromes associated with lesions of the brain and brainstem

Cerebral cortex

* ACA syndrome

MCA syndrome
PCA syndrome
Aphasia
Frontal lobe
- Expressive aphasia
- Abulia
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
- Cortical deafness
- Prosopagnosia

Subcortex

*Basal ganglia

Thalamic syndrome

Cerebellum

* Lateral

Medial
- Cerebellar ataxia

Brainstem

Medulla	* Lateral medullary syndrome/Wallenberg PICA Medial medullary syndrome/Dejerine ASA
Pons	* Upper dorsal pontine syndrome/Raymond–Céstan syndrome Lateral pontine syndrome (AICA) (lateral) Medial pontine syndrome/Millard–Gubler syndrome/Foville's syndrome (basilar) Locked-in syndrome Internuclear ophthalmoplegia One and a half syndrome
Midbrain	* Weber's syndrome ventral peduncle, PCA Benedikt syndrome ventral tegmentum, PCA Parinaud's syndrome dorsal, tumor Claude's syndrome
Other	* Alternating hemiplegia

Other

* Pseudobulbar affect

Upper motor neuron lesion

Signs and symptoms relating to movement and gait

Gait

* Gait abnormality

Disorders of hearing and balance

Hearing

Symptoms

* Hearing loss

Excessive response

Disease

Loss	* Conductive hearing loss Otosclerosis Superior canal dehiscence Sensorineural hearing loss Presbycusis Cortical deafness Nonsyndromic deafness
Other	* Deafblindness Wolfram syndrome Usher syndrome Auditory processing disorder Spatial hearing loss

Tests

* Hearing test

Balance

Symptoms	* Vertigo nystagmus
Disease	* Balance disorder Peripheral Ménière's disease Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo Labyrinthitis Labyrinthine fistula
Tests	* Dix–Hallpike test Unterberger test Romberg's test Vestibulo-ocular reflex