Thyroid nodule
Thyroid Nodule
A Thyroid Nodule (/ˈθaɪrɔɪd ˈnoʊdjuːl/) is a clinical term referring to an abnormal growth of cells that forms a lump within the thyroid gland.
Etymology
The term "Thyroid Nodule" is derived from the Greek words "thyreos" (shield), referring to the shield-like shape of the thyroid gland, and "nodule" from the Latin "nodulus" (little node).
Definition
A Thyroid Nodule is a discrete lesion within the thyroid gland that is radiologically distinct from the surrounding thyroid parenchyma. It may be caused by a variety of conditions, ranging from benign colloid nodules and thyroid adenomas to thyroid cancer.
Symptoms
Most thyroid nodules do not cause symptoms. However, if they grow large enough, they can cause difficulty swallowing, hoarseness, or neck discomfort. In some cases, thyroid nodules produce additional thyroxine, a hormone secreted by your thyroid gland. This can result in unexplained weight loss, increased perspiration, rapid or irregular heartbeat, and nervousness or irritability.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of a Thyroid Nodule typically involves a physical examination, blood tests, thyroid scan, ultrasound, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.
Treatment
Treatment options for Thyroid Nodules depend on the type of nodule, its size, and the results of the fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Options may include watchful waiting, thyroid hormone suppression therapy, radioactive iodine, and surgery.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Thyroid nodule
- Wikipedia's article - Thyroid nodule
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