Post-nasal drip

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Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Post-nasal drip
Synonyms	Upper airway cough syndrome
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Cough, sore throat, nasal congestion, runny nose
Complications	Sinusitis, ear infection
Onset	Any age
Duration	Can be chronic
Types	N/A
Causes	Allergies, viral infection, bacterial infection, gastroesophageal reflux disease
Risks	Smoking, pollution, dry air
Diagnosis	Physical examination, nasal endoscopy
Differential diagnosis	Asthma, chronic bronchitis, gastroesophageal reflux disease
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Antihistamines, decongestants, nasal corticosteroids, saline nasal sprays
Medication	Loratadine, pseudoephedrine, fluticasone
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common
Deaths	Rarely life-threatening

Post-nasal drip is a condition where excess mucus accumulates in the back of the nasal cavity and throat, leading to a sensation of mucus dripping downward from the back of the nose. This can cause a variety of symptoms, including a sore throat, cough, and a feeling of needing to clear the throat frequently.

Causes

Post-nasal drip can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

• Allergies: Allergic reactions to pollen, dust, or pet dander can lead to increased mucus production.
• Infections: Viral infections such as the common cold or sinusitis can cause inflammation and mucus buildup.
• Environmental irritants: Exposure to smoke, pollution, or strong odors can irritate the nasal passages.
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD): Acid reflux can irritate the throat and lead to increased mucus production.

Symptoms

The symptoms of post-nasal drip can vary but often include:

• A sensation of mucus dripping down the throat
• Frequent throat clearing
• Cough
• Sore throat
• Hoarseness
• Bad breath

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of post-nasal drip is typically based on a patient's symptoms and medical history. A healthcare provider may perform a physical examination and may also recommend tests such as:

• Nasal endoscopy: A procedure to look inside the nasal passages and throat.
• Allergy testing: To identify potential allergens causing symptoms.

Treatment

Treatment for post-nasal drip depends on the underlying cause. Common treatments include:

• Antihistamines: To reduce allergic reactions.
• Decongestants: To relieve nasal congestion.
• Nasal irrigation: Using saline solutions to clear nasal passages.
• Corticosteroid nasal sprays: To reduce inflammation.

Prevention

Preventive measures for post-nasal drip include:

• Avoiding known allergens and irritants.
• Using a humidifier to keep air moist.
• Staying hydrated to thin mucus secretions.

See also

• Rhinitis
• Sinusitis
• Allergic rhinitis
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease