Pagophagia

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC

Pagophagia
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Compulsive consumption of ice
Complications	Iron deficiency anemia, dental problems
Onset	Any age
Duration	Variable
Types	N/A
Causes	Often associated with iron deficiency
Risks	Nutritional deficiencies, dental erosion
Diagnosis	Clinical evaluation, blood test for iron levels
Differential diagnosis	Pica (disorder), Obsessive-compulsive disorder
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Addressing underlying iron deficiency, cognitive behavioral therapy
Medication	Iron supplements
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	Common in individuals with iron deficiency
Deaths	N/A

A form of pica involving the compulsive consumption of ice

Pagophagia is a form of pica, a condition characterized by the compulsive consumption of non-nutritive substances. Specifically, pagophagia involves the persistent craving and consumption of ice or iced drinks. This condition is often associated with iron deficiency anemia, although the exact mechanism linking the two is not fully understood.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Individuals with pagophagia may consume large quantities of ice daily, often to the exclusion of other foods. This behavior can lead to dental problems, such as enamel erosion and increased tooth sensitivity. Diagnosis of pagophagia is typically based on the patient's history and reported behavior. It is important for healthcare providers to assess for underlying conditions, such as iron deficiency or other nutritional deficiencies, that may contribute to the development of pagophagia.

Causes

The exact cause of pagophagia is not well understood, but it is frequently associated with iron deficiency anemia. Some researchers hypothesize that chewing ice may increase alertness in individuals with anemia, or that it may provide a soothing effect for those experiencing oral inflammation due to nutritional deficiencies. Other potential causes include stress, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other psychological factors.

Treatment

Treatment of pagophagia involves addressing the underlying cause. If iron deficiency is identified, iron supplementation is often effective in reducing the craving for ice. In cases where psychological factors are involved, behavioral therapy or counseling may be beneficial. It is important for individuals with pagophagia to receive a comprehensive evaluation to determine the most appropriate treatment plan.

See Also

• Pica (disorder)
• Iron deficiency anemia
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder