Downie bodies

Downie bodies are intracellular inclusions found in the neurons of individuals with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE). They are named after the Scottish pathologist James Walker Downie who first described them.

Overview

Downie bodies are eosinophilic, intranuclear inclusions found in the neurons of individuals with SSPE. They are considered a hallmark of the disease and can be used in its diagnosis. The bodies are named after James Walker Downie, a Scottish pathologist who first described them in 1931.

Characteristics

Downie bodies are typically round or oval in shape and measure between 2 and 10 micrometers in diameter. They are composed of a dense core surrounded by a clear halo. The core is made up of viral particles, while the halo is thought to be composed of host cell proteins.

Role in SSPE

In individuals with SSPE, the measles virus infects the neurons and leads to the formation of Downie bodies. These bodies are thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease, although the exact mechanism is not fully understood. It is believed that the presence of Downie bodies may lead to neuronal dysfunction and ultimately to the neurological symptoms seen in SSPE.

Diagnosis

The presence of Downie bodies in a brain biopsy can be used to confirm a diagnosis of SSPE. However, because the procedure is invasive and carries risks, it is not commonly used. Instead, the diagnosis is usually based on clinical symptoms and the detection of measles antibodies in the cerebrospinal fluid.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for SSPE, and treatment is primarily supportive. Antiviral drugs may be used to slow the progression of the disease, but they cannot eliminate the virus or reverse the damage already done.

See also

• Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
• Measles virus
• James Walker Downie

References

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