Dysmenorrhea
Dysmenorrhea
Dysmenorrhea (pronounced: dis-men-o-REE-uh) is a medical condition characterized by severe and frequent menstrual cramps and pain associated with menstruation.
Etymology
The term "Dysmenorrhea" is derived from the Greek words "dys" meaning difficult/painful/abnormal, "meno" meaning month, and "rrhea" meaning flow.
Definition
Dysmenorrhea is a common menstrual disorder. It is typically classified into two types: primary dysmenorrhea, which refers to menstrual pain without an identifiable medical condition, and secondary dysmenorrhea, which is menstrual pain associated with a specific medical condition such as endometriosis or uterine fibroids.
Symptoms
Symptoms of dysmenorrhea may include pain in the lower abdomen, lower back pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, weakness, fainting, and headaches. The pain often begins when the menstrual period starts, and may last for several days.
Causes
The cause of primary dysmenorrhea is not well understood, but it is believed to be related to the release of prostaglandins in the menstrual fluid. Secondary dysmenorrhea is caused by a specific medical condition such as endometriosis, uterine fibroids, or adenomyosis.
Treatment
Treatment for dysmenorrhea may include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), hormonal birth control, dietary changes, exercise, heat therapy, and in severe cases, surgery.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Dysmenorrhea
- Wikipedia's article - Dysmenorrhea
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