Short stature

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Short Stature

Short stature (pronunciation: /ʃɔːrt ˈstætʃər/) refers to a height that is significantly below the average height for a person's age, sex, racial group, or family.

Etymology

The term "short stature" is derived from the Old English words "sceort" meaning "short" and "stæð" meaning "stature".

Definition

Short stature is typically defined by an adult height that is more than two standard deviations below the mean for age and gender, which corresponds to the shortest 2.3% of individuals. In children, short stature is defined as a height that is two or more standard deviations below the mean for age and sex, or as a height that is less than the 3rd percentile for age and sex.

Causes

Short stature can be a result of a variety of factors, including genetic conditions, nutritional deficiencies, and chronic illnesses. Some of the most common genetic conditions that can lead to short stature include Turner syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Achondroplasia. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly of protein and vitamin D, can also lead to short stature, as can chronic illnesses such as kidney disease, celiac disease, and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of short stature is typically made through a combination of physical examination, medical history, and growth charts. Additional tests, such as blood tests, bone age X-rays, and genetic testing, may also be used to determine the underlying cause of the short stature.

Treatment

Treatment for short stature depends on the underlying cause. In some cases, treating the underlying condition can help to increase height. In other cases, growth hormone therapy may be used to stimulate growth.

Related Terms

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