Parinaud's syndrome
Parinaud's Syndrome
Parinaud's Syndrome (pronounced: pah-ree-nohz sin-drohm), also known as Dorsal Midbrain Syndrome, is a rare neurological disorder characterized by a group of abnormalities affecting the eye movements and pupil reactions. The syndrome is named after the French neurologist, Henri Parinaud, who first described it.
Etymology
The term "Parinaud's Syndrome" is derived from the name of the French neurologist, Henri Parinaud, who first described the condition in the late 19th century. The term "syndrome" comes from the Greek word "syndromē", which means "concurrence of symptoms" or "running together".
Symptoms
The primary symptoms of Parinaud's Syndrome include:
- Vertical gaze palsy: Difficulty moving the eyes up and down.
- Pupillary light-near dissociation: Pupils react less to light but more to accommodation.
- Convergence-retraction nystagmus: Involuntary rhythmic eye movements.
- Eyelid retraction (Collier's sign): Upper eyelid is retracted, showing more of the eyeball than usual.
Causes
Parinaud's Syndrome is typically caused by lesions or damage to the midbrain, particularly the dorsal midbrain. This damage can be due to various conditions such as brain tumors, stroke, multiple sclerosis, or infections of the central nervous system.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Parinaud's Syndrome is primarily based on clinical examination of the eye movements and pupil reactions. Additional tests such as MRI or CT scan may be used to identify the underlying cause.
Treatment
Treatment of Parinaud's Syndrome focuses on addressing the underlying cause. This may involve surgery, radiation therapy, or medication depending on the specific cause.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Parinaud's syndrome
- Wikipedia's article - Parinaud's syndrome
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