Hemispatial neglect

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Hemispatial neglect
Illustration of the brain showing the areas affected by hemispatial neglect
Synonyms	Unilateral neglect, spatial neglect, hemiagnosia
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Inability to attend to stimuli on one side of the body or environment
Complications	N/A
Onset	Sudden, often following a stroke or brain injury
Duration	Can be temporary or permanent
Types	N/A
Causes	Damage to the right hemisphere of the brain, particularly the parietal lobe
Risks	Stroke, traumatic brain injury
Diagnosis	Neuropsychological tests, brain imaging
Differential diagnosis	Visual field defect, hemianopia
Prevention	N/A
Treatment	Occupational therapy, physical therapy, cognitive rehabilitation
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Varies; some recovery possible with therapy
Frequency	Common in patients with right hemisphere stroke
Deaths	N/A

Hemispatial Neglect

Introduction

Hemispatial Neglect is a neuropsychological condition characterized by a deficit in attention to and awareness of one side of the field of vision. This condition arises following damage to one hemisphere of the brain, leading to an inability to process and perceive stimuli on one side of the body or environment, which is not due to a lack of sensation.

Causes and Pathophysiology

Hemispatial neglect typically occurs due to brain damage, most commonly from a stroke. It affects the brain's attention networks, leading to a decreased awareness of space on one side of the body or environment.

Symptoms

Symptoms of hemispatial neglect may include:

• Failure to acknowledge objects or stimuli on one side of the body.
• Difficulty navigating or bumping into objects on the affected side.
• In severe cases, complete neglect of one side of the body or space.

Brain scan illustrating damage associated with hemispatial neglect.

Types of Neglect

Hemispatial neglect is most often contralateral to the damaged hemisphere (opposite side). However, ipsilesional neglect (on the same side as the lesion) has also been reported.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves clinical observation, neuropsychological assessments, and brain imaging techniques like MRI or CT scans to identify the damaged brain areas.

Treatment and Rehabilitation

Treatment strategies include:

• Physical and occupational therapy to improve awareness of the neglected space.
• Cognitive rehabilitation and exercises.
• Use of visual cues and prompts.
• In some cases, medication may be prescribed to improve attention.

Prognosis

The prognosis for hemispatial neglect varies, with some patients experiencing significant improvement while others may have persistent symptoms.

Impact on Quality of Life

This condition can significantly impact the quality of life, affecting daily activities, mobility, and independence.

Research and Advances

Ongoing research is focused on understanding the underlying mechanisms of hemispatial neglect and developing more effective treatment approaches.

See Also

• Stroke
• Neuropsychology
• Visual perception

References

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• ,

 Hemispatial Neglect: Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment, 
 Neuropsychology Review, 
 2020,

Understanding Hemispatial Neglect(link). {{{website}}}. National Center for Biotechnology Information.

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External Links

• American Stroke Association - Neglect
• BrainLine - Understanding Hemispatial Neglect