Anasarca
Anasarca
Anasarca (pronounced: an-uh-SAR-kuh) is a medical condition characterized by widespread swelling of the skin due to effusion of fluid into the extracellular space. It is usually caused by liver, heart, or kidney disease, or it can be a side effect of certain medications.
Etymology
The term "anasarca" comes from the Greek words "ana," meaning "throughout," and "sarx," meaning "flesh."
Causes
Anasarca can be caused by a variety of conditions, including:
- Kidney disease: Kidney disease can lead to anasarca by causing an imbalance of proteins in the body, leading to fluid leakage into tissues.
- Heart failure: Heart failure can cause anasarca by causing fluid to back up into the lungs, abdomen, and peripheral tissues.
- Liver disease: Liver disease can cause anasarca by reducing the production of proteins needed to retain fluid in the bloodstream.
- Malnutrition: Malnutrition can lead to anasarca by causing a deficiency in proteins needed to retain fluid in the bloodstream.
- Capillary leak syndrome: This rare condition causes proteins and fluid to leak out of the capillaries into the tissues, leading to anasarca.
Symptoms
Symptoms of anasarca can include:
- Swelling of the skin and underlying tissues
- Shortness of breath
- Difficulty moving
- Increased heart rate
- Fatigue
Treatment
Treatment for anasarca typically involves treating the underlying condition causing the fluid imbalance. This can include:
- Diuretics: These medications help the body get rid of excess fluid.
- Dietary changes: A low-sodium diet can help reduce fluid retention.
- Dialysis: For kidney disease, dialysis can help remove excess fluid and waste products from the blood.
Related Terms
- Edema: This is a general term for swelling caused by fluid retention.
- Ascites: This is a specific type of edema that occurs in the abdomen.
- Pleural effusion: This is a specific type of edema that occurs in the lungs.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Anasarca
- Wikipedia's article - Anasarca
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