Oxymetazoline hydrochloride

Oxymetazoline Hydrochloride

Oxymetazoline hydrochloride (pronunciation: ox-i-met-A-zo-leen HYE-droe-KLOR-ide) is a type of decongestant that is commonly used to relieve nasal and sinus congestion caused by allergies, common cold, or sinusitis. It is available over-the-counter in many countries and is often found in nasal spray form.

Etymology

The term "Oxymetazoline" is derived from its chemical structure, which includes an oxygen atom (oxy-), a methyl group (-met-), and an azoline ring (-azoline). The "hydrochloride" part of the name refers to the hydrochloride salt form in which the drug is often administered.

Pharmacology

Oxymetazoline hydrochloride works by constricting the blood vessels in the nasal passages, thereby reducing swelling and congestion. It is a direct acting sympathomimetic amine and is selectively alpha adrenergic in both its actions and side effects.

Usage

Oxymetazoline hydrochloride is typically administered as a nasal spray, with the recommended dosage being one or two sprays in each nostril every 10 to 12 hours. Overuse or prolonged use of this medication can lead to a condition known as rhinitis medicamentosa, or rebound congestion.

Side Effects

Common side effects of oxymetazoline hydrochloride include temporary burning, stinging, dryness in the nose, runny nose, and sneezing. If these effects persist or worsen, users are advised to tell their doctor or pharmacist promptly.

Related Terms

• Decongestant
• Sympathomimetic amine
• Rhinitis medicamentosa
• Alpha adrenergic

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Oxymetazoline hydrochloride
• Wikipedia's article - Oxymetazoline hydrochloride

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