Tramazoline

Tramazoline.svg

Tramazoline is a nasal decongestant used to relieve nasal congestion in conditions such as rhinitis and sinusitis. It is commonly available in the form of nasal sprays or drops.

Pharmacology

Tramazoline works by stimulating alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa, leading to vasoconstriction. This reduces blood flow to the nasal passages, thereby decreasing swelling and congestion. The onset of action is typically rapid, providing relief within minutes.

Indications

Tramazoline is indicated for the symptomatic relief of nasal congestion associated with:

• Acute rhinitis
• Allergic rhinitis
• Sinusitis
• Common cold

Dosage and Administration

Tramazoline is usually administered as a nasal spray or drops. The typical dosage for adults and children over 12 years is one to two sprays in each nostril, up to three times a day. It is recommended to use the medication for no longer than 5-7 days to avoid rebound congestion.

Side Effects

Common side effects of tramazoline include:

• Nasal dryness
• Burning sensation in the nose
• Sneezing
• Headache

Less common but more serious side effects may include:

• Tachycardia
• Hypertension
• Insomnia

Contraindications

Tramazoline should not be used in individuals with:

• Hypersensitivity to tramazoline or any of its components
• Hypertension
• Coronary artery disease
• Hyperthyroidism

Precautions

Caution is advised when using tramazoline in patients with:

• Diabetes mellitus
• Prostatic hypertrophy
• Angle-closure glaucoma

Drug Interactions

Tramazoline may interact with other medications, including:

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
• Tricyclic antidepressants
• Beta-blockers

Mechanism of Action

Tramazoline acts on the alpha-adrenergic receptors in the nasal mucosa, causing vasoconstriction. This reduces the blood flow to the nasal passages, leading to decreased swelling and congestion.

History

Tramazoline was first introduced in the market in the 1960s and has since been used widely for the treatment of nasal congestion.

See Also

• Nasal decongestant
• Rhinitis
• Sinusitis
• Alpha-adrenergic receptor

External Links

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