Isocarboxazid

Isocarboxazid
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Isocarboxazid is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) used as an antidepressant in the treatment of major depressive disorder. It is one of the older classes of antidepressants and is known for its effectiveness in patients who do not respond to other treatments.

Pharmacology

Isocarboxazid works by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme monoamine oxidase, which is responsible for breaking down neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine in the brain. By inhibiting this enzyme, isocarboxazid increases the levels of these neurotransmitters, which can help improve mood and alleviate symptoms of depression.

Medical uses

Isocarboxazid is primarily used to treat major depressive disorder, especially in cases where other treatments have failed. It may also be used in the treatment of anxiety disorders and panic disorder.

Side effects

Common side effects of isocarboxazid include dizziness, dry mouth, constipation, and insomnia. Due to its mechanism of action, it can also cause hypertensive crisis if taken with certain foods or other medications that increase tyramine levels.

Interactions

Isocarboxazid can interact with a variety of substances, including other antidepressants, sympathomimetic drugs, and foods high in tyramine. Patients are advised to follow a strict diet and avoid certain medications to prevent adverse reactions.

History

Isocarboxazid was first introduced in the 1950s and was one of the first MAOIs to be used clinically. Despite the development of newer antidepressants, it remains an option for treatment-resistant depression.

Related pages

• Monoamine oxidase inhibitor
• Major depressive disorder
• Antidepressant

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  Isocarboxazid