Vasculitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Vasculitis | |||
| image = [[File:HSP_Vasculitis.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Skin lesions due to [[Henoch-Schönlein purpura]], a type of vasculitis | |||
| field = [[Rheumatology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[fatigue]], [[weight loss]], [[muscle pain]], [[joint pain]], [[rash]], [[nerve damage]] | |||
| complications = [[Organ damage]], [[aneurysm]], [[blood clots]] | |||
| onset = Any age, varies by type | |||
| duration = Varies, can be acute or chronic | |||
| types = [[Giant cell arteritis]], [[Kawasaki disease]], [[Polyarteritis nodosa]], [[Wegener's granulomatosis]], [[Henoch-Schönlein purpura]], [[Microscopic polyangiitis]] | |||
| causes = [[Autoimmune disease]], [[infection]], [[medications]], [[cancer]] | |||
| risks = [[Genetic factors]], [[environmental factors]], [[infections]], [[medications]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Blood tests]], [[imaging studies]], [[biopsy]] | |||
| differential = [[Infection]], [[thrombosis]], [[neoplasm]] | |||
| treatment = [[Corticosteroids]], [[immunosuppressive drugs]], [[biologics]], [[plasmapheresis]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies by type and severity | |||
| frequency = Rare, varies by type | |||
}} | |||
{{Short description|Inflammation of blood vessels}} | {{Short description|Inflammation of blood vessels}} | ||
[[File:Churg-Strauss_syndrome_-_very_high_mag.jpg|Churg-Strauss syndrome under very high magnification|left|thumb]] | [[File:Churg-Strauss_syndrome_-_very_high_mag.jpg|Churg-Strauss syndrome under very high magnification|left|thumb]] | ||
[[File:Vasculitis_FDG_PET-CT.png|Vasculitis as seen on FDG PET-CT|thumb]] | [[File:Vasculitis_FDG_PET-CT.png|Vasculitis as seen on FDG PET-CT|left|thumb]] | ||
'''Vasculitis''' is a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels. This inflammation can cause the walls of the blood vessels to thicken, which reduces the width of the passageway through the vessel. If blood flow is restricted, it can result in organ and tissue damage. Vasculitis can affect any of the body's blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. | '''Vasculitis''' is a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels. This inflammation can cause the walls of the blood vessels to thicken, which reduces the width of the passageway through the vessel. If blood flow is restricted, it can result in organ and tissue damage. Vasculitis can affect any of the body's blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. | ||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Vasculitis is classified based on the size of the blood vessels affected: | Vasculitis is classified based on the size of the blood vessels affected: | ||
===Large vessel vasculitis=== | ===Large vessel vasculitis=== | ||
* [[Giant cell arteritis]] | * [[Giant cell arteritis]] | ||
* [[Takayasu's arteritis]] | * [[Takayasu's arteritis]] | ||
===Medium vessel vasculitis=== | ===Medium vessel vasculitis=== | ||
* [[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | * [[Polyarteritis nodosa]] | ||
* [[Kawasaki disease]] | * [[Kawasaki disease]] | ||
===Small vessel vasculitis=== | ===Small vessel vasculitis=== | ||
* [[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis]] | * [[Granulomatosis with polyangiitis]] | ||
* [[Microscopic polyangiitis]] | * [[Microscopic polyangiitis]] | ||
* [[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis]] (formerly known as Churg-Strauss syndrome) | * [[Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis]] (formerly known as Churg-Strauss syndrome) | ||
==Signs and symptoms== | ==Signs and symptoms== | ||
The symptoms of vasculitis vary greatly and depend on the organs affected. Common symptoms include: | The symptoms of vasculitis vary greatly and depend on the organs affected. Common symptoms include: | ||
| Line 28: | Line 41: | ||
* Muscle and joint pain | * Muscle and joint pain | ||
* Loss of appetite | * Loss of appetite | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
The exact cause of vasculitis is often unknown. It can be triggered by infections, medications, or other diseases. Some forms of vasculitis are associated with autoimmune disorders, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. | The exact cause of vasculitis is often unknown. It can be triggered by infections, medications, or other diseases. Some forms of vasculitis are associated with autoimmune disorders, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of vasculitis typically involves a combination of: | Diagnosis of vasculitis typically involves a combination of: | ||
| Line 37: | Line 48: | ||
* Imaging studies such as [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]] | * Imaging studies such as [[CT scan]] or [[MRI]] | ||
* Biopsy of affected tissue | * Biopsy of affected tissue | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment depends on the type and severity of vasculitis. Common treatments include: | Treatment depends on the type and severity of vasculitis. Common treatments include: | ||
| Line 43: | Line 53: | ||
* Immunosuppressive drugs | * Immunosuppressive drugs | ||
* Biologic agents | * Biologic agents | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
The prognosis for vasculitis varies. Some forms are mild and resolve on their own, while others can be life-threatening without treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a better outcome. | The prognosis for vasculitis varies. Some forms are mild and resolve on their own, while others can be life-threatening without treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a better outcome. | ||
==See also== | |||
== | |||
* [[Autoimmune disease]] | * [[Autoimmune disease]] | ||
* [[Inflammation]] | * [[Inflammation]] | ||
* [[Immune system]] | * [[Immune system]] | ||
{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}} | {{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}} | ||
{{Vascular diseases}} | {{Vascular diseases}} | ||
Latest revision as of 21:06, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Vasculitis | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fever, fatigue, weight loss, muscle pain, joint pain, rash, nerve damage |
| Complications | Organ damage, aneurysm, blood clots |
| Onset | Any age, varies by type |
| Duration | Varies, can be acute or chronic |
| Types | Giant cell arteritis, Kawasaki disease, Polyarteritis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, Microscopic polyangiitis |
| Causes | Autoimmune disease, infection, medications, cancer |
| Risks | Genetic factors, environmental factors, infections, medications |
| Diagnosis | Blood tests, imaging studies, biopsy |
| Differential diagnosis | Infection, thrombosis, neoplasm |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Corticosteroids, immunosuppressive drugs, biologics, plasmapheresis |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies by type and severity |
| Frequency | Rare, varies by type |
| Deaths | N/A |
Inflammation of blood vessels
Vasculitis is a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels. This inflammation can cause the walls of the blood vessels to thicken, which reduces the width of the passageway through the vessel. If blood flow is restricted, it can result in organ and tissue damage. Vasculitis can affect any of the body's blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries.
Classification[edit]
Vasculitis is classified based on the size of the blood vessels affected:
Large vessel vasculitis[edit]
Medium vessel vasculitis[edit]
Small vessel vasculitis[edit]
- Granulomatosis with polyangiitis
- Microscopic polyangiitis
- Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (formerly known as Churg-Strauss syndrome)
Signs and symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of vasculitis vary greatly and depend on the organs affected. Common symptoms include:
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Muscle and joint pain
- Loss of appetite
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of vasculitis is often unknown. It can be triggered by infections, medications, or other diseases. Some forms of vasculitis are associated with autoimmune disorders, where the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of vasculitis typically involves a combination of:
Treatment[edit]
Treatment depends on the type and severity of vasculitis. Common treatments include:
- Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
- Immunosuppressive drugs
- Biologic agents
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for vasculitis varies. Some forms are mild and resolve on their own, while others can be life-threatening without treatment. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for a better outcome.
See also[edit]
| Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Cardiovascular disease (vessels) | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Systemic connective tissue disorders | ||||||
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| Inflammation | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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