Peripheral artery disease

Peripheral artery disease (Pronunciation: puh-rif-uh-rul ar-tuh-ree di-zeez) is a common circulatory problem in which narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to your limbs.

Etymology

The term "Peripheral artery disease" is derived from the Greek word "peripheria" meaning circumference, "arteria" meaning windpipe, and "disease" from the Old French "desaise" meaning lack of ease.

Definition

Peripheral artery disease is characterized by the reduction of blood flow to the peripheral parts of the body, usually the legs, due to the narrowing of the arteries. This condition is also known as Peripheral vascular disease or Peripheral arterial disease.

Symptoms

The most common symptom of peripheral artery disease is Claudication, which is characterized by leg pain or cramping that occurs with exercise and is relieved by rest. Other symptoms may include numbness or weakness in the legs, coldness in the lower leg or foot, and sores on the toes, feet, or legs that won't heal.

Causes

Peripheral artery disease is often caused by Atherosclerosis, a condition where fatty deposits build up in the artery walls, reducing blood flow. Other less common causes include blood vessel inflammation, limb injury, radiation exposure, or unusual anatomy of the ligaments or muscles.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of peripheral artery disease often involves a physical examination, review of medical history, and diagnostic tests such as Ankle-brachial index (ABI), Ultrasound, Angiography, and Blood tests.

Treatment

Treatment for peripheral artery disease has two major goals: to manage symptoms, such as leg pain, so that physical activity can be resumed; and to stop the progression of atherosclerosis throughout the body to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke. This can be achieved through lifestyle changes, medications, or procedures such as Angioplasty and Bypass surgery.

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Peripheral artery disease
Wikipedia's article - Peripheral artery disease

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