List of neurological disorders

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Neurological Disorders

A neurological disorder is a condition that affects the nervous system. Neurological disorders can affect an entire neurological pathway or a single neuron. Even a small disturbance to a neuron’s structural pathway can result in dysfunction.

List of Neurological Disorders

  1. Alzheimer's disease (pronounced ALZ-high-merz) is a progressive disorder that causes brain cells to waste away (degenerate) and die. The etymology of the term comes from the German psychiatrist and neurologist Alois Alzheimer, who first described the disease in 1906.
  1. Parkinson's disease (pronounced PAR-kin-sonz) is a progressive nervous system disorder that affects movement. The term is named after Dr. James Parkinson, an English surgeon who first described the syndrome in 1817.
  1. Multiple sclerosis (pronounced MUHL-tuh-puhl skluh-ROH-sis) is a potentially disabling disease of the brain and spinal cord (central nervous system). The term comes from the Latin words "multi" (many) and "sclera" (hardness), referring to the multiple areas of hardening in the brain and spinal cord where myelin is lost.
  1. Epilepsy (pronounced EHP-uh-lehp-see) is a central nervous system (neurological) disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods of unusual behavior, sensations, and sometimes loss of awareness. The term comes from the Greek word "epilēpsía", meaning "to seize".
  1. Stroke (pronounced strohk) is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death. The term "stroke" comes from the Old English word "strac", meaning "strike", referring to the 'striking down' effect of the disorder.
  1. Migraine (pronounced mye-GRAIN) is a type of headache characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe. The term "migraine" comes from the Greek word "hēmi" (half) and "kranion" (skull), referring to the unilateral location of the headache.
  1. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (pronounced a-my-o-TROE-fik LAT-ur-ul skluh-ROH-sis), or ALS, is a specific disorder that involves the death of neurons controlling voluntary muscles. The term comes from the Greek words "a" (no), "myo" (muscle), "trophic" (nourishment), "lateral" (side), and "sclerosis" (hardening), referring to the characteristics of the disease.
  1. Huntington's disease (pronounced HUHN-ting-tunz) is a fatal genetic disorder that causes the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. The disease is named after Dr. George Huntington, who first described the disorder in 1872.
  1. Autism (pronounced AW-tiz-uhm) is a developmental disorder characterized by difficulties with social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. The term "autism" comes from the Greek word "autos", meaning "self", referring to the autistic person's seeming self-absorption.
  1. Dementia (pronounced duh-MEN-shuh) is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem-solving and other thinking abilities that are severe enough to interfere with daily life. The term "dementia" comes from the Latin word "demens", meaning "out of one's mind".

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