Mild cognitive impairment
Mild Cognitive Impairment
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (/maɪld kɒɡnɪtɪv ɪmˈpeɪrmənt/), is a neurological disorder that presents with problems related to memory, language, thinking, or judgment that are greater than normal age-related changes.
Etymology
The term "mild cognitive impairment" was first coined in the 1980s by researchers at the Mayo Clinic. The word "mild" refers to the severity of the cognitive decline, which is noticeable but not severe enough to interfere with daily life or independent function. "Cognitive" refers to mental processes such as thinking, remembering, and reasoning. "Impairment" refers to the state of being diminished, weakened, or damaged, especially mentally.
Symptoms
Symptoms of MCI can include forgetfulness, difficulties with language (especially word-finding), difficulties with problem-solving, difficulties with judgment, and a decrease in working memory. However, these symptoms are not severe enough to significantly interfere with daily life and usual activities.
Causes
The exact cause of MCI is unknown, but it's believed to be related to changes in the brain that could be caused by various factors, such as aging, genetic factors, and cardiovascular disease. MCI often, but not always, progresses to dementia or Alzheimer's disease.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of MCI is based on a person's history, clinical symptoms, and cognitive testing. It's important to note that MCI is not a disease itself, but a clinical syndrome or set of symptoms.
Treatment
There is currently no cure for MCI, but some interventions can help manage symptoms. These can include cognitive rehabilitation, medication, and lifestyle changes such as regular physical exercise, a healthy diet, and mental stimulation.
Related Terms
- Dementia
- Alzheimer's disease
- Neurological disorder
- Cognitive decline
- Aging
- Genetic factors
- Cardiovascular disease
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Mild cognitive impairment
- Wikipedia's article - Mild cognitive impairment
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