Lacunar stroke

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Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Lacunar stroke
Synonyms	Lacunar infarct
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Sudden weakness, numbness, difficulty speaking, difficulty walking
Complications	Cognitive impairment, dementia, gait disturbances
Onset	Sudden
Duration	Varies
Types	Pure motor stroke, pure sensory stroke, sensorimotor stroke, ataxic hemiparesis, dysarthria-clumsy hand syndrome
Causes	Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, hyperlipidemia
Risks	Age, family history, lifestyle factors
Diagnosis	CT scan, MRI, clinical evaluation
Differential diagnosis	Cortical stroke, transient ischemic attack, brain tumor
Prevention	Blood pressure control, diabetes management, smoking cessation, cholesterol management
Treatment	Antiplatelet therapy, antihypertensive therapy, statins, rehabilitation
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	Generally good with treatment, but risk of recurrence
Frequency	Common in older adults
Deaths	N/A

Arteries beneath brain

Lacunar stroke is a type of ischemic stroke that occurs when the flow of blood to one of the small arteries deep within the brain becomes blocked. These are often caused by the buildup of plaque, a condition known as atherosclerosis.

Causes

The primary cause of a lacunar stroke is ischemia, specifically in the deeper structures of the brain. This is often due to atherosclerosis, the buildup of plaque in the arteries. Other risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and age.

Symptoms

Symptoms of a lacunar stroke can vary depending on the area of the brain that is affected. Common symptoms include weakness or numbness on one side of the body, difficulty speaking or understanding speech, and loss of balance or coordination.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of a lacunar stroke involves a physical examination, a review of the patient's medical history, and imaging tests such as a CT scan or MRI. A lumbar puncture may also be performed to rule out other conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for a lacunar stroke typically involves medication to prevent further blood clots, control blood pressure, and reduce cholesterol levels. In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the blockage.

Prognosis

The prognosis for a lacunar stroke is generally good, with many patients experiencing a full recovery. However, some may have lasting effects such as weakness or difficulty speaking.

Prevention

Prevention of lacunar strokes involves managing risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and high cholesterol. This can be achieved through a healthy diet, regular exercise, and medication if necessary.

See also

• Ischemic stroke
• Hemorrhagic stroke
• Transient ischemic attack

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References

External links

• National Stroke Association: Lacunar Strokes
• Mayo Clinic: Stroke

Further reading

• "Lacunar Strokes in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus: Risk Factors, Infarct Location, and Prognosis: The Secondary Prevention of Small Subcortical Strokes Study"
• "Lacunar Strokes and Infarcts: A Review"