Progressive bulbar palsy
| Progressive bulbar palsy | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Bulbar palsy |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Dysarthria, dysphagia, tongue atrophy, fasciculations |
| Complications | Aspiration pneumonia, malnutrition |
| Onset | Typically in adulthood |
| Duration | Progressive |
| Types | |
| Causes | Neurodegenerative disease |
| Risks | |
| Diagnosis | Clinical diagnosis, Electromyography |
| Differential diagnosis | Myasthenia gravis, stroke, brainstem tumor |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Supportive care, speech therapy, nutritional support |
| Medication | |
| Prognosis | Poor, progressive |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Progressive Bulbar Palsy (PBP) is a disease that affects the nerves supplying the bulbar muscles. These muscles are responsible for swallowing, speaking, and breathing. PBP is a type of motor neuron disease.
Symptoms
The symptoms of PBP can vary, but they often include difficulty swallowing (dysphagia), slurred speech (dysarthria), and weakness in the facial muscles. Other symptoms can include emotional lability, where the person has uncontrollable bouts of laughing or crying, and difficulty with tongue movements.
Causes
PBP is caused by the degeneration of motor neurons in the brainstem. The exact cause of this degeneration is unknown, but it is thought to be related to a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of PBP is based on the symptoms, medical history, and a physical examination. Tests such as electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies may be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
There is currently no cure for PBP, but treatment can help manage symptoms. This can include speech therapy, physical therapy, and medications to control symptoms such as spasticity and excessive salivation.
Prognosis
The prognosis for PBP is generally poor, with most people dying within 2-3 years of diagnosis. However, some people may live longer with supportive care.
See also
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