Tic disorder
Tic Disorder
Tic disorder (pronounced /tɪk dɪsˈɔːdər/) is a type of neurological disorder that causes involuntary, rapid, sudden movements or vocalizations that occur repeatedly in the same way. The term "tic" is derived from the French word "tique", which means "spasm" or "convulsion".
Types of Tic Disorders
There are several types of tic disorders, including:
- Transient tic disorder: This disorder involves both motor and vocal tics that last for at least one month but less than one year.
- Chronic tic disorder: This disorder involves either motor or vocal tics, but not both, that last for more than one year.
- Tourette syndrome: This disorder involves both motor and vocal tics that last for more than one year.
Symptoms
The symptoms of tic disorders can vary greatly from person to person. They may include:
- Motor tics: These are sudden, rapid, repetitive movements that occur involuntarily. They can include blinking, shrugging, jerking, or grimacing.
- Vocal tics: These are involuntary sounds or noises, such as grunting, coughing, or shouting out words or phrases.
Causes
The exact cause of tic disorders is unknown, but they are believed to be linked to abnormalities in certain areas of the brain, including the basal ganglia, which helps regulate body movements. Genetic factors may also play a role, as tic disorders often run in families.
Treatment
Treatment for tic disorders may include behavioral therapy, medication, and in some cases, deep brain stimulation. The goal of treatment is to help manage symptoms and improve quality of life.
See Also
- Neurological disorder
- Motor tics
- Vocal tics
- Transient tic disorder
- Chronic tic disorder
- Tourette syndrome
- Behavioral therapy
- Deep brain stimulation
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Tic disorder
- Wikipedia's article - Tic disorder
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