Central nervous system disease
Central Nervous System Disease
Central Nervous System Disease (pronunciation: /ˈsɛntrəl ˈnɝːvəs ˈsɪstəm dɪˈziːz/) refers to a broad category of conditions in which the brain or spinal cord—the primary components of the central nervous system (CNS)—function abnormally, resulting in symptoms of neurological or psychiatric dysfunction.
Etymology
The term "Central Nervous System Disease" is derived from the Latin words 'centrum' meaning 'center', 'nervus' meaning 'nerve', 'systema' meaning 'system', and the Greek word 'dis-ease' meaning 'lack of ease'.
Types of Central Nervous System Diseases
Central Nervous System Diseases can be broadly classified into:
- Infectious diseases of the CNS, such as meningitis and encephalitis
- Degenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease
- Autoimmune diseases, such as Multiple sclerosis
- Cancers of the CNS, such as gliomas and meningiomas
- Vascular disorders, such as stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA)
Symptoms
Symptoms of Central Nervous System Diseases can vary widely depending on the specific disease and the areas of the CNS affected. They may include cognitive and behavioral changes, motor function impairment, sensory disturbances, and autonomic dysfunction.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of Central Nervous System Diseases typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as MRI scans, CT scans, and lumbar puncture.
Treatment
Treatment of Central Nervous System Diseases depends on the specific disease and may involve medication, surgery, physical therapy, and other interventions.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Central nervous system disease
- Wikipedia's article - Central nervous system disease
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