Encephalitis lethargica

Encephalitis lethargica (pronunciation: /ɛnˌsɛfəˈlaɪtɪs lɛˈθɑːrdʒɪkə/), also known as von Economo's disease or sleeping sickness, is a rare and unusual neurological disorder.

Etymology

The term "Encephalitis lethargica" is derived from the Greek words encephalon (meaning brain), itis (meaning inflammation), and lethargica (meaning lethargy or drowsiness). The disease was named by the Austrian neurologist Constantin von Economo in 1917, hence the alternative name "von Economo's disease".

Definition

Encephalitis lethargica is an atypical form of encephalitis, or inflammation of the brain. The disease attacks the brain, leaving some victims in a statue-like condition, speechless and motionless.

Symptoms

Symptoms include high fever, headache, double vision, delayed physical and mental response, lethargy, and in severe cases, catatonia.

Causes

The exact cause of encephalitis lethargica is unknown, but it is believed to be related to an autoimmune response to a viral infection.

Treatment

There is no specific treatment for encephalitis lethargica. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. In some cases, Levodopa and other dopamine agonists can be effective.

Related Terms

• Encephalitis
• Autoimmune disease
• Viral infection
• Levodopa
• Dopamine

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Encephalitis lethargica
• Wikipedia's article - Encephalitis lethargica

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