Cephalothin
Cephalothin
Cephalothin (pronounced: sef-a-lo-thin) is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It is derived from the fungus Acremonium (formerly Cephalosporium) and is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections.
Etymology
The term "Cephalothin" is derived from the Greek words 'kephale' meaning 'head', and 'thio' meaning 'sulfur'. This is in reference to the compound's molecular structure, which contains a sulfur atom and a beta-lactam ring, resembling a head.
Usage
Cephalothin is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections, including those caused by Staphylococci, Streptococci, E. coli, and Klebsiella species. It is also used in the prevention of infections during surgical procedures.
Pharmacology
Cephalothin works by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death. It is bactericidal in nature and has a broad spectrum of activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Cephalothin include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and allergic reactions. Serious side effects may include Clostridium difficile associated diarrhea, Pseudomembranous colitis, and allergic reactions including anaphylaxis.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Cephalothin
- Wikipedia's article - Cephalothin
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