Template:Cell wall disruptive antibiotics: Difference between revisions

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| name = Cell wall disruptive antibiotics
| name = Cell wall disruptive antibiotics
| title = [[Antibiotics|Antibacterials]] active on the [[cell wall]] and [[cell envelope antibiotic|envelope]] ([[ATC code J01#J01C|J01C]]-[[ATC code J01#J01D|J01D]])
| title = [[Antibiotics|Antibacterials]] active on the [[cell wall]] and [[cell envelope antibiotic|envelope]] ([[ATC code J01#J01C|J01C]]-[[ATC code J01#J01D|J01D]])
| state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}}
| state = {{{state<includeonly>|autocollapse</includeonly>}}}
| listclass = hlist
| listclass = hlist


| group1 = Intracellular
| group1 = [[Beta-lactam antibiotics|β-lactams]]<br /><small>{{nobold|(inhibit synthesis<br />of peptidoglycan<br />layer of bacterial<br />cell wall by binding<br />to and inhibiting<br />[[Penicillin-binding proteins|PBPs]], a group of<br />[[DD-Transpeptidase|<small>D</small>-alanyl-<small>D</small>-alanine<br />transpeptidases]])}}</small>
| list1 =
| list1 = {{Navbox|child
* Inhibit [[peptidoglycan]] subunit synthesis and transport: [[N-Acetylmuramic acid|NAM]] synthesis inhibition ([[Fosfomycin]])
* [[D-alanine—D-alanine ligase|DADAL]]/[[Alanine racemase|AR]] inhibitors ([[Cycloserine]])
* [[bactoprenol]] inhibitors ([[Bacitracin]])


| group2 = [[Glycopeptide antibiotic|Glycopeptide]]
| group1 = [[Penicillin]]s ([[Penam]]s)
| list2 =
| list1 = {{Navbox|child
* Inhibit [[Peptidoglycan glycosyltransferase|PG]] chain elongation: [[Vancomycin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Oritavancin]]
* [[Telavancin]])
* [[Teicoplanin]] ([[Dalbavancin]])
* [[Ramoplanin]]<sup>§</sup>


| group3 = [[Β-lactam antibiotic|β-lactam]]s/<br />(inhibit [[Penicillin binding proteins|PBP]]<br />cross-links)
| group1 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#Narrow-spectrum|Narrow<br/>spectrum]]
| list3 = {{Navbox|child
| list1 = {{Navbox|child


  | group1 = [[Penicillin]]s<br />([[Penam]]s)
| group1 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#Narrow-spectrum|β-lactamase sensitive]]<br/>(1st generation)
  | list1 = {{Navbox|child
| list1 =
- [[Benzylpenicillin|Benzylpenicillin (G)]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Procaine benzylpenicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Phenoxymethylpenicillin|Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Propicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Pheneticillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Azidocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Clometocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Penamecillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


    | group1 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#Narrow-spectrum|Narrow<br/>spectrum]]
| group2 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#β-lactamase-resistant|β-lactamase resistant]]<br/>(2nd generation)
    | list1 = {{Navbox|child
| list2 =
- [[Cloxacillin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Dicloxacillin]]
- [[Flucloxacillin]])
- [[Oxacillin]]
- [[Nafcillin]]
- [[Methicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


      | group1 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#Narrow-spectrum|β-lactamase sensitive]]<br/>(1st generation)
}}
      | list1 =
* [[Benzylpenicillin|Benzylpenicillin (G)]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Procaine benzylpenicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Phenoxymethylpenicillin|Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Propicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Pheneticillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Azidocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Clometocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Penamecillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


      | group2 = [[List of β-lactam antibiotics#.CE.B2-Lactamase-resistant|β-lactamase resistant]]<br/>(2nd generation)
| group2 = [[Extended-spectrum penicillin|Extended<br/>spectrum]]
      | list2 =
| list2 = {{Navbox|child
* [[Cloxacillin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Dicloxacillin]]
* [[Flucloxacillin]])
* [[Oxacillin]]
* [[Nafcillin]]
* [[Methicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


    }}
| group1 = [[Aminopenicillin]]s (3rd generation)
    | group2 = [[Extended-spectrum penicillin|Extended<br/>spectrum]]
| list1 =
    | list2 = {{Navbox|child
- [[Amoxicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Ampicillin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Pivampicillin]]
- [[Hetacillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Bacampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Lenampicillin]]
- [[Metampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Talampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>)
- [[Epicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


      | group1 = [[Aminopenicillin]]s (3rd generation)
| group2 = [[Carboxypenicillin]]s (4th generation)
      | list1 =
| list2 =
* [[Amoxicillin]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Ticarcillin]]
* [[Ampicillin]]<sup>#</sup> ([[Pivampicillin]]
- [[Carbenicillin]]<sup>‡</sup> / [[Carindacillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Hetacillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Temocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Bacampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Metampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Talampicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>)
* [[Epicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


      | group2 = [[Carboxypenicillin]]s (4th generation)
| group3 = [[Ureidopenicillin]]s (4th generation)
      | list2 =
| list3 =
* [[Ticarcillin]]
- [[Piperacillin]]
* [[Carbenicillin]]<sup>‡</sup> / [[Carindacillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Azlocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Temocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Mezlocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


      | group3 = [[Ureidopenicillin]]s (4th generation)
| group4 = Other
      | list3 =
| list4 =
* [[Piperacillin]]
- [[Mecillinam]] ([[Pivmecillinam]])
* [[Azlocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Sulbenicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Mezlocillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


      | group4 = Other
}}
      | list4 =
}}
* [[Mecillinam]]<sup>‡</sup> ([[Pivmecillinam]]<sup>‡</sup>)
* [[Sulbenicillin]]<sup>‡</sup>


    }}
| group2 = [[Carbapenem]]s / [[Penem]]s
  }}
| list2 =
- Carbapenems ([[Ertapenem]]
- [[Antipseudomonal]] ([[Doripenem]]
- [[Imipenem]]
- [[Meropenem]])
- [[Biapenem]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Panipenem]])
- Penems ([[Faropenem]]
- [[Ritipenem]]<sup>§</sup>
- [[Sulopenem]])


  | group2 = [[Penem]]s
| group3 = [[Cephem]]s<br/>[[Cephalosporin]]s<br/>[[Cephamycin]]s<br/>[[Carbacephem]]s
  | list2 =
| list3 = {{Navbox|child
* [[Faropenem]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Ritipenem]]<sup>§</sup>


  | group3 = [[Carbapenem]]s
| group1 = [[Cephalosporin#First generation|1st generation]]
  | list3 =
| list1 =
* [[Ertapenem]]
- [[Cefazolin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Antipseudomonal]] ([[Doripenem]]
- [[Cefalexin]] <sup>#</sup>
* [[Imipenem]]
- [[Cefadroxil]]
* [[Meropenem]])
- [[Cefapirin]]
* [[Biapenem]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefazedone]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Panipenem]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefazaflur]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefradine]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefroxadine]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Ceftezole]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefaloglycin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefacetrile]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefalonium]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefaloridine]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefalotin]]
- [[Cefatrizine]]<sup>‡</sup>


  | group4 = [[Cephalosporin]]s<br/>/ [[Cephamycin]]s<br />([[Cephem]]s)
| group2 = [[Cephalosporin#Second generation|2nd generation]]
  | list4 = {{Navbox|child
| list2 =
- [[Cefaclor]]
- [[Cefprozil]]
- [[Cefuroxime]]
- [[Cefuroxime axetil]]
- [[Cefamandole]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefonicid]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Ceforanide]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefuzonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cephamycin]] ([[Cefoxitin]]
- [[Cefotetan]]
- [[Cefminox]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefbuperazone]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefmetazole]]<sup>‡</sup>)
- [[Carbacephem]] ([[Loracarbef]]<sup>‡</sup>)


    | group1 = [[Cephalosporin#First generation|1st generation]]
| group3 = [[Cephalosporin#Third generation|3rd generation]]
    | list1 =
| list3 =
* [[Cefazolin]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Cefixime]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Cefalexin]] <sup>#</sup>
- [[Ceftriaxone]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Cefadroxil]]
- [[Cefotaxime]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Cefapirin]]
- Antipseudomonal ([[Ceftazidime]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Cefazedone]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefoperazone]])
* [[Cefazaflur]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefdinir]]
* [[Cefradine]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefcapene]]
* [[Cefroxadine]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefdaloxime]]
* [[Ceftezole]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Ceftizoxime]]
* [[Cefaloglycin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefmenoxime]]
* [[Cefacetrile]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefpiramide]]
* [[Cefalonium]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefpodoxime]]
* [[Cefaloridine]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Ceftibuten]]
* [[Cefalotin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefditoren]]
* [[Cefatrizine]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefotiam]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefetamet]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefodizime]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefpimizole]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefsulodin]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Cefteram]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Ceftiolene]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Oxacephem]] ([[Flomoxef]]
- [[Latamoxef]]<sup>‡</sup>)


    | group2 = [[Cephalosporin#Second generation|2nd generation]]
| group4 = [[Cephalosporin#Fourth generation|4th generation]]
    | list2 =
| list4 =
* [[Cefaclor]]
- [[Cefepime]]
* [[Cefotetan]]
- [[Cefozopran]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cephamycin]] ([[Cefoxitin]]
- [[Cefpirome]]
* [[Cefprozil]]
- [[Cefquinome]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefuroxime]]
* [[Cefuroxime axetil]]
* [[Cefamandole]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefminox]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefonicid]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Ceforanide]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefbuperazone]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefuzonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefmetazole]]<sup>‡</sup>)
* [[Carbacephem]]<sup>‡</sup> ([[Loracarbef]]<sup>‡</sup>)


    | group3 = [[Cephalosporin#Third generation|3rd generation]]
| group5 = [[Cephalosporin#Fifth generation|5th generation]]
    | list3 =
| list5 =
* [[Cefixime]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Ceftaroline fosamil]]
* [[Ceftriaxone]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Ceftolozane]]
* [[Cefotaxime]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Ceftobiprole]]
* Antipseudomonal ([[Ceftazidime]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Cefoperazone]]<sup>‡</sup>)
* [[Cefdinir]]
* [[Cefcapene]]
* [[Cefdaloxime]]
* [[Ceftizoxime]]
* [[Cefmenoxime]]
* [[Cefpiramide]]
* [[Cefpodoxime]]
* [[Ceftibuten]]
* [[Cefditoren]]
* [[Cefotiam]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefetamet]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefodizime]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefpimizole]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefsulodin]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefteram]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Ceftiolene]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Oxacephem]] ([[Flomoxef]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Latamoxef]]<sup>‡</sup>)


    | group4 = [[Cephalosporin#Fourth generation|4th generation]]
| group6 = [[Siderophore]]
    | list4 =
| list6 =
* [[Cefepime]]
- [[Cefiderocol]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Cefozopran]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefpirome]]<sup>‡</sup>
* [[Cefquinome]]<sup>‡</sup>


    | group5 = [[Cephalosporin#Fifth generation|5th generation]]
| group7 = [[Veterinary medicine|Veterinary]]
    | list5 =
| list7 =
* [[Ceftaroline fosamil]]
- [[Ceftiofur]]
* [[Ceftolozane]]
- [[Cefquinome]]
* [[Ceftobiprole]]
- [[Cefovecin]]


    | group6 = [[Veterinary medicine|Veterinary]]
}}
    | list6 =
* [[Ceftiofur]]
* [[Cefquinome]]
* [[Cefovecin]]


  }}
| group4 = [[Monobactam]]s
| list4 =
- [[Aztreonam]]
- [[Tigemonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Carumonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Nocardicin A]]<sup>‡</sup>


  | group5 = [[Monobactam]]s
| group5 = [[β-Lactamase inhibitor|β-lactamase inhibitors]]
  | list5 =
| list5 =
* [[Aztreonam]]
- [[Penam]] ([[Sulbactam]]
* [[Tigemonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Tazobactam]])
* [[Carumonam]]<sup>‡</sup>
- [[Clavam]] ([[Clavulanic acid]])
* [[Nocardicin A]]<sup>‡</sup>
- non-β-lactam ([[Avibactam]]
- [[Durlobactam]]
- [[Relebactam]]
- [[Vaborbactam]])


  | group6 = [[β-Lactamase inhibitor|β-lactamase inhibitors]]
| group6 = Combinations
  | list6 =
| list6 =
* [[Penam]] ([[Sulbactam]]
- [[Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Tazobactam]])
- [[Ampicillin/flucloxacillin]]
* [[Clavam]] ([[Clavulanic acid]])
- [[Ampicillin/sulbactam]] ([[Sultamicillin]])
* [[Sulbactam]]
- [[Aztreonam/avibactam]]
* non-β-lactam ([[Relebactam]]
- [[Benzathine benzylpenicillin/procaine benzylpenicillin]]
* [[Avibactam]]
- [[Cefepime/enmetazobactam]]
* [[Vaborbactam]])
- [[Cefoperazone/sulbactam]]
- [[Ceftazidime/avibactam]]
- [[Ceftolozane/tazobactam]]
- [[Imipenem/cilastatin]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam]]
- [[Meropenem/vaborbactam]]
- [[Panipenem/betamipron]]
- [[Piperacillin/tazobactam]]
- [[Sulbactam/durlobactam]]
- [[Sulopenem/probenecid]]
- [[Ticarcillin/clavulanic acid]]


  | group7 = Combinations
}}
  | list7 =
* [[Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Imipenem/cilastatin]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam]]
* [[Ampicillin/flucloxacillin]]
* [[Ampicillin/sulbactam]] ([[Sultamicillin]])
* [[Ceftazidime/avibactam]]
* [[Piperacillin/tazobactam]]
* [[Ceftolozane/tazobactam]]
* [[Cefoperazone/sulbactam]]
* [[Meropenem/vaborbactam]]
}}


| group4 = Other
| group2 = [[Polypeptide antibiotic|Polypeptides]]
| list4 =
| list2 = {{Navbox|child
* [[polymyxin]]s/[[detergent]]
** [[Colistin]]
** [[Polymyxin B]]
* [[depolarizing]]
** [[Daptomycin]]
* Hydrolyze NAM-NAG
** [[lysozyme]]
* [[Tyrothricin]]
** [[Gramicidin]]
** [[Tyrocidine]]
* [[Isoniazid]]<sup>#</sup>
* [[Teixobactin]]


| belowstyle = background: transparent; padding: 0px;
| group1 = [[Lipopeptide|Lipopeptides]]
| below = {{PharmNavFootnote}}
| list1 =
- Insert into bacterial cell wall causing perforation and depolarization: [[Daptomycin]]
- [[Surfactin]]
 
| group2 = Other
| list2 =
- Inhibits PG elongation and crosslinking: [[Ramoplanin]]<sup>§</sup>
}}
 
| group3 = Intracellular
| list3 =
- Inhibit [[peptidoglycan|PG]] subunit synthesis and transport: [[N-Acetylmuramic acid|NAM]] synthesis inhibition ([[Fosfomycin]])
- [[D-alanine—D-alanine ligase|DADAL]]/[[Alanine racemase|AR]] inhibitors ([[Cycloserine]])
- [[bactoprenol]] inhibitors ([[Bacitracin]])
 
| group4 = Other
| list4 =
- Hydrolyze NAM-NAG
- - [[lysozyme]]
- [[Tyrothricin]]
- - [[Gramicidin]]
- - [[Tyrocidine]]
- [[Isoniazid]]<sup>#</sup>
- [[Teixobactin]]
 
| belowstyle = padding: 0px;
| below = {{PharmNavFootnote}}


}}<noinclude>
}}<noinclude>
{{collapsible option}}
{{collapsible option}}
[[Category:Drug templates by ATC]]
[[Category:Drug templates by ATC]]
[[Category:Bactericides|*]]
[[Category:Bactericides|- ]]
</noinclude>
</noinclude>
{{no-index-template}}

Latest revision as of 19:46, 28 April 2025

Antibacterials active on the cell wall and envelope (J01C-J01D)
β-lactams
(inhibit synthesis
of peptidoglycan
layer of bacterial
cell wall by binding
to and inhibiting
PBPs, a group of
D-alanyl-D-alanine
transpeptidases)
Penicillins (Penams)
Narrow
spectrum
Extended
spectrum
Carbapenems / Penems
Cephems
Cephalosporins
Cephamycins
Carbacephems
1st generation
2nd generation
3rd generation
4th generation
5th generation
Monobactams
β-lactamase inhibitors
Polypeptides
Lipopeptides
- Insert into bacterial cell wall causing perforation and depolarization: Daptomycin - Surfactin
Other
- Inhibits PG elongation and crosslinking: Ramoplanin§
Intracellular
- Inhibit PG subunit synthesis and transport: NAM synthesis inhibition (Fosfomycin)

- DADAL/AR inhibitors (Cycloserine)

- bactoprenol inhibitors (Bacitracin)
Other
- Hydrolyze NAM-NAG

- - lysozyme - Tyrothricin - - Gramicidin - - Tyrocidine - Isoniazid#

- Teixobactin
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