Sexually transmitted infection
Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), also known as Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) or Venereal Diseases (VDs) (/sɛkʃuːəli trænsmɪtɪd ɪnfɛkʃənz/), are infections that are commonly spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex.
Etymology
The term "Sexually Transmitted Infection" is a broad term that encompasses infections that are spread primarily through person-to-person sexual contact. There are more than 20 types of STIs. The term "Venereal Disease" was used historically, derived from Venus, the Roman goddess of love.
Types of STIs
STIs can be caused by a variety of organisms, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. Some of the most common STIs include:
- Chlamydia (/kləˈmidiə/): A bacterial infection that can lead to serious health problems if not treated.
- Gonorrhea (/ˌɡɒnəˈriːə/): Another bacterial infection that can cause complications if not treated.
- Syphilis (/ˈsɪfɪlɪs/): A bacterial infection that can cause long-term complications if not treated early.
- Herpes (/ˈhɜːrpiːz/): A viral infection that causes recurrent outbreaks of sores.
- Human Papillomavirus (HPV) (/ˌhjuːmən pæpɪləˈmaɪˈviːrəs/): A viral infection that can lead to genital warts and certain types of cancer.
- HIV (/ˌeɪtʃ aɪ ˈviː/): The virus that causes AIDS.
Prevention
Prevention methods for STIs include using condoms, getting vaccinated, getting regular STI tests, and practicing sexual abstinence or having a mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and is known to be uninfected.
Treatment
Treatment depends on the type of STI. Some can be cured with antibiotics, while others can only be managed with medication.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Sexually transmitted infection
- Wikipedia's article - Sexually transmitted infection
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