Child mortality

MeSH

Child Mortality in the Age Group of 1 to 12 Years

Overview

Child mortality, specifically in the age group of one to twelve years, refers to the deaths of children within this age range in a given population. This period covers early childhood into the pre-teen years, encompassing a vital stage of growth and development.

Causes

Infectious Diseases

Infectious diseases remain a leading cause of child mortality in this age group. Malaria, HIV/AIDS, and respiratory infections like pneumonia are significant contributors.

Global distribution of pneumonia deaths among children.

Malnutrition

Malnutrition, including both undernutrition and obesity, can lead to increased vulnerability to diseases and mortality. Malnutrition's role in child mortality is complex, involving socio-economic factors and access to healthcare.

Environmental Factors

Poor environmental conditions, such as unsafe water, lack of sanitation, and pollution, also play a critical role. Waterborne diseases and air pollution are notable risk factors.

Preventive Measures

Efforts to reduce child mortality in this age group focus on improving healthcare access, vaccination programs, better nutrition, and safe water and sanitation. Vaccination programs, especially for preventable diseases, are critical.

Epidemiology

The rates of child mortality in this age group vary significantly across different regions of the world, with higher rates typically seen in lower-income countries. Sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia have the highest rates.

Global child mortality rates.

International Efforts

Organizations like UNICEF, WHO, and various NGOs are actively involved in initiatives to reduce child mortality through various programs and funding.

See Also

• Infant mortality
• Public health
• Global health

External Links

• UNICEF - Under-Five Mortality
• World Health Organization - Child Health

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