Angiotensin receptor blocker
Angiotensin Receptor Blocker
Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), also known as angiotensin II receptor antagonists, are a group of pharmaceuticals that modulate the renin-angiotensin system. Pronounced as "an-gee-oh-ten-sin re-cep-tor block-ers", their main use is in treating hypertension (high blood pressure), diabetic nephropathy (kidney damage due to diabetes), and congestive heart failure.
Etymology
The term "angiotensin" originates from the combination of "angio-" meaning vessel and "-tensin" derived from tension, indicating its vasoconstrictor action. The term "receptor blocker" refers to the drug's mechanism of blocking the action of angiotensin II at the receptor level.
Mechanism of Action
ARBs work by blocking the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes blood vessels to narrow (constrict). By inhibiting the action of angiotensin II, ARBs allow blood vessels to widen (dilate), which lowers blood pressure and allows the heart to pump blood more easily.
Examples
Some examples of ARBs include losartan, valsartan, and irbesartan. These drugs are often used as an alternative for patients who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors.
Side Effects
Common side effects of ARBs include dizziness, headache, and fatigue. Serious side effects may include kidney failure, liver problems, and a decreased number of white blood cells.
Related Terms
- Renin-Angiotensin System
- Angiotensin II
- Hypertension
- Diabetic Nephropathy
- Congestive Heart Failure
- ACE Inhibitors
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Angiotensin receptor blocker
- Wikipedia's article - Angiotensin receptor blocker
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