Channel blocker

Channel Blocker

Channel blockers or calcium channel blockers (pronunciation: /ˈtʃænəl ˈblɒkər/) are a group of medications that disrupt the movement of calcium (Ca2+) through calcium channels.

Etymology

The term "channel blocker" is derived from the English words "channel," referring to the ion channels in cell membranes, and "blocker," indicating the action of these drugs to obstruct or block these channels.

Function

Channel blockers are used in the treatment of several cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, angina pectoris, and some types of arrhythmia. They work by blocking the influx of calcium ions into muscle cells, leading to a decreased contractility of the heart. This reduces the demand for oxygen and relieves symptoms in conditions like angina.

Types

There are several types of channel blockers, including:

• Non-dihydropyridine: This group includes drugs like Verapamil and Diltiazem. They have a direct effect on the heart, reducing heart rate and force of contraction.
• Dihydropyridine: This group includes drugs like Amlodipine, Nifedipine, and others. They primarily act on the blood vessels, causing them to relax and lower blood pressure.

Side Effects

Like all medications, channel blockers can have side effects. These may include dizziness, flushing, and headache. In some cases, they can also cause edema or swelling in the lower legs and feet.

Related Terms

• Beta blocker
• Alpha blocker
• Potassium channel blocker
• Sodium channel blocker

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Channel blocker
• Wikipedia's article - Channel blocker

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