Statin
Statin
Statin (/ˈsteɪtɪn/), also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, is a class of lipid-lowering medications that inhibit the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase which plays a central role in the production of cholesterol. High amounts of cholesterol in the blood can cause cardiovascular disease.
Etymology
The term "statin" is derived from the enzyme inhibitor nomenclature, specifically from the end of the names of the compounds compactin and lovastatin. These were among the first statins discovered.
Usage
Statins are commonly used to treat hypercholesterolemia and prevent cardiovascular disease in those who are at high risk. They are most effective at lowering the LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein), also known as "bad cholesterol" levels in the blood.
Types of Statins
There are several types of statins, including:
- Atorvastatin (Lipitor)
- Fluvastatin (Lescol)
- Lovastatin (Mevacor)
- Pitavastatin (Livalo)
- Pravastatin (Pravachol)
- Rosuvastatin (Crestor)
- Simvastatin (Zocor)
Each of these statins has a different potency, side effect profile, and drug interaction potential.
Side Effects
Common side effects of statins include headache, difficulty sleeping, flushing of the skin, muscle aches, tenderness, or weakness (myalgia), drowsiness, dizziness, nausea or vomiting, abdominal cramping or pain, bloating or gas, diarrhea, constipation, and rash.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Statin
- Wikipedia's article - Statin
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