Renin-angiotensin system

Renin-angiotensin system (pronunciation: REE-nin AN-gee-oh-TEN-sin system) is a hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.

Etymology

The term "Renin-angiotensin system" is derived from the names of its two primary components: Renin, an enzyme produced by the kidneys, and Angiotensin, a peptide hormone.

Function

The Renin-angiotensin system functions as a key regulator of the body's blood pressure and fluid balance. When blood pressure drops or the body's sodium level is low, the kidneys release renin. Renin then catalyzes the conversion of a protein called Angiotensinogen into Angiotensin I. Angiotensin I is then converted into Angiotensin II by an enzyme known as ACE. Angiotensin II acts to constrict blood vessels and stimulate the release of Aldosterone, a hormone that promotes sodium retention in the kidneys. This process helps to increase blood pressure and restore fluid balance.

Related Terms

Renin: An enzyme produced by the kidneys that plays a key role in the Renin-angiotensin system.
Angiotensin: A peptide hormone that is a key component of the Renin-angiotensin system.
Angiotensinogen: A protein that is converted into Angiotensin I by Renin.
Angiotensin I: A peptide hormone that is converted into Angiotensin II by ACE.
Angiotensin II: A potent vasoconstrictor that stimulates the release of Aldosterone.
ACE: An enzyme that converts Angiotensin I into Angiotensin II.
Aldosterone: A hormone that promotes sodium retention in the kidneys.